ATI RN
Chapter 19 Reproductive System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
During the 12-hr period preceding ovulation, which of the following is true?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because a surge of luteinizing hormone (LH) is necessary for ovulation to occur, typically happening 24-36 hours before ovulation. This surge triggers the release of the mature egg from the ovarian follicle. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as estrogen levels peak just before ovulation, the corpus luteum forms after ovulation, and progesterone levels rise after ovulation, not fall immediately after the LH surge.
Question 2 of 5
Men who take large doses of testosterone-like androgenic steroids for long periods are sterile in the reproductive sense of the word. What is the explanation for this finding?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because high levels of androgen compounds inhibit the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) by the hypothalamus. GnRH is responsible for stimulating the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) by the anterior pituitary gland. LH and FSH are crucial for proper testicular function, including sperm production. When the secretion of GnRH is inhibited by high levels of androgens, it leads to a decrease in LH and FSH levels, ultimately disrupting the normal feedback loop of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This disruption results in impaired sperm production and fertility. Choice A is incorrect because overstimulation of inhibin formation does not directly lead to sterility. Choice B is incorrect because overstimulation of sperm cell production would not result in the formation of defective sperm cells leading to sterility. Choice D is incorrect because hypert
Question 3 of 5
Why is osteoporosis much more common in elderly women than in elderly men?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Testosterone plays a crucial role in maintaining bone density. Step 2: Estrogen helps regulate bone turnover and calcium balance. Step 3: Women experience a significant drop in estrogen levels after menopause. Step 4: Decreased estrogen production leads to increased bone resorption. Step 5: Men, on the other hand, continue to produce testosterone throughout their lifetime, which helps maintain bone density. Summary: A is correct because men maintain testosterone production, while women cease estrogen production after menopause, leading to a higher risk of osteoporosis in elderly women. B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not address the hormonal changes that contribute to osteoporosis gender disparity.
Question 4 of 5
The helmet-like region of the sperm that is similar to a large lysosome and assists penetration of the egg is called the ________.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: acrosome. The acrosome is a specialized organelle in the sperm head that contains enzymes necessary for penetrating the egg during fertilization. It releases these enzymes to help the sperm penetrate the egg's protective outer layer. The flagellum (choice A) is the tail of the sperm that provides motility. The midpiece (choice B) contains mitochondria for energy production. Spermatid (choice C) is an immature sperm cell formed during spermatogenesis.
Question 5 of 5
In what specific part of the male reproductive system do maturing sperm gain increased motility and their ability to swim?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Epididymis. The epididymis is where maturing sperm gain increased motility and their ability to swim due to the presence of specific proteins and enzymes that facilitate this process. Sperm leave the seminiferous tubules in an immature state and undergo maturation in the epididymis through interactions with these proteins. The ductus deferens and ejaculatory duct are not involved in the maturation process of sperm and do not contribute to their motility. The seminiferous tubules are responsible for sperm production but not for the maturation of sperm motility.