During primary and secondary survey, the patient injured by blunt trauma should be completely immobilized until:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because immobilization is crucial until a spinal fracture is ruled out by X-ray to prevent exacerbating a potential injury. A) Completing the neurologic exam is important but not sufficient to ensure spinal stability. B) Transfer to definitive care is essential but does not guarantee spinal fracture exclusion. C) Patient's ability to indicate no neck pain does not confirm absence of spinal injury.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Neurogenic shock results from disruption of sympathetic nervous system control, leading to vasodilation and subsequent hypotension. Choice C, "Narrowed pulse pressure," is incorrect because neurogenic shock typically presents with widened pulse pressure due to the loss of sympathetic tone on arterial vessels. Therefore, the correct answer is C. Choices A, B, and D are all classic characteristics of neurogenic shock.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because in functional nursing, tasks are divided among staff, leading to fragmented care. This can result in staff overlooking changes in a resident's condition as they focus solely on their assigned tasks. This may delay timely intervention and negatively impact resident outcomes. Choice A is incorrect because task overload is more related to the efficiency of task allocation rather than the style of care. Choice B is incorrect as inadequate training is a separate issue not exclusive to functional nursing. Choice D is incorrect as consistency in care team members is generally seen as a positive aspect of care continuity, not a negative result.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Advance directive. An advance directive is a legal document that allows an individual to specify their preferences for medical treatment in case they become unable to communicate or make decisions. This includes instructions for end-of-life care, life-sustaining treatments, and other healthcare choices. It is different from a will (A) which dictates how assets are distributed after death, CPR (C) which is a medical procedure to revive a person in cardiac arrest, and Power of Attorney (D) which grants someone the authority to make legal decisions on behalf of another person.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assessment. In the nursing process, assessment is the first step where the nurse collects data about the patient's health status, including physical, emotional, social, and environmental factors. This information is crucial for identifying the patient's needs and developing a care plan. Diagnosis (A) comes after assessment, where the nurse analyzes the collected data. Planning (D) follows diagnosis and involves setting goals and outlining interventions. Evaluation (C) is the final step to assess the effectiveness of the care plan. Therefore, assessment is the initial step in the nursing process to gather relevant information for providing optimal patient care.