ATI RN
Basic Nursing Care Needs of the Patient PPT Questions
Question 1 of 5
During preoperative assessment for a 7:30 AM (0730) surgery, the nurse finds the patient drank a cup of coffee this morning. The nurse reports this information to the anesthesia provider. Which action does the nurse anticipate next?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A delay in or cancellation of surgery. Consuming coffee before surgery can lead to increased gastric fluid volume and acidity, potentially increasing the risk of aspiration during anesthesia induction. To minimize this risk, surgery may be delayed or canceled to allow time for the stomach to empty. Summary: B: Questions regarding components of the coffee - Irrelevant as the concern is the effect of coffee on gastric fluid. C: Additional questions about why the patient had coffee - Irrelevant, the focus is on the impact of coffee on surgery. D: Instructions to determine what education was provided in the preoperative visit - Irrelevant, the immediate concern is the impact of coffee on surgery.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is experiencing a possible neurological emergency from a blunt force closed head injury. He is found to have abnormal pupillary reactions to light and has lost the ability to move his eyes from side to side to follow your finger movements. He is also unable to identify the number of fingers you are holding up. He reports he is able to see the fingers but is not able to focus enough to identify how many fingers are present. Which of the following cranial nerves should you suspect may be involved in his injury?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Cranial nerve II (Optic nerve) is responsible for vision. Loss of ability to identify the number of fingers indicates optic nerve involvement. 2. Cranial nerve III (Oculomotor nerve) controls eye movements, including pupillary reactions. Abnormal pupillary reactions suggest its involvement. 3. Cranial nerve IV (Trochlear nerve) controls downward and inward eye movements. Inability to move eyes side to side implicates trochlear nerve. Summary: A: Cranial nerves I, V, and VI - Not relevant for the symptoms described. B: Cranial nerves V and VII - Cranial nerve VII (Facial nerve) is not involved in eye movements or vision. C: Cranial nerves IX and X - Not related to vision or eye movements. D: Cranial nerves II, III, and IV - Correct as all three nerves are implicated in the patient's symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
You are the first ambulance to arrive on the scene of a single-car accident. As you approach the scene, you see four patients, two have been ejected from their vehicle, and two are still in the vehicle. What should be your next course of action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Request additional resources, such as fire rescue, and additional ambulances to respond to the scene. This is the best course of action because, in a single-car accident with multiple patients, the scene is likely to be complex and require additional resources to manage effectively. Requesting fire rescue can help with extrication of patients still in the vehicle, while additional ambulances ensure there are enough resources to transport all patients promptly. This approach prioritizes patient care and safety by ensuring all necessary resources are available to manage the situation efficiently. Choice A: Calling medical control is important but should not be the first step in this scenario where immediate action is needed. Choice C: Beginning immediate triage and treatment of the two ejected patients might overlook the need for additional resources and proper scene management. Choice D: Notifying the local trauma center is important but should come after requesting additional resources to manage the scene effectively.
Question 4 of 5
You are on-scene with a patient who you suspect may be experiencing a myocardial infarction. He is conscious and alert, anxious, and has dilated pupils. He complains of substernal chest pain and admits to recent cocaine use. How does the use of cocaine increase the risk of experiencing an acute myocardial infarction?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Cocaine causes coronary artery constriction, reducing blood flow to the heart muscle. This constriction can lead to the formation of thrombus or plaque in the narrowed arteries, increasing the risk of myocardial infarction. Other choices are incorrect: A is inaccurate as asystole is not a direct effect of cocaine; B is incorrect as cocaine does not cause peripheral clotting to travel to the coronary arteries; C is incorrect as cocaine does not numb the heart, but rather constricts the coronary arteries.
Question 5 of 5
Venous blood samples are often obtained in the pre-hospital setting for various tests to be performed at the hospital. What color tube stopper would a paramedic want to use if law enforcement at an accident requests the patients involved have their blood drawn at the scene to be tested for the possibility of alcohol intoxication at the hospital?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Gray. Gray tube stoppers are used for collecting blood samples for alcohol testing because they contain sodium fluoride, which preserves the blood sample and inhibits the growth of bacteria. This is crucial for accurate alcohol level measurement. Light blue, lavender, and green tube stoppers are used for different types of blood tests, not specifically for alcohol testing. Light blue is typically used for coagulation tests, lavender for complete blood counts and blood typing, and green for basic metabolic panels. Therefore, the paramedic would want to use a gray tube stopper in this scenario to ensure the accuracy of the alcohol intoxication testing.