ATI RN
Basic Nursing Care Needs of the Patient PPT Questions
Question 1 of 5
During preoperative assessment for a 7:30 AM (0730) surgery, the nurse finds the patient drank a cup of coffee this morning. The nurse reports this information to the anesthesia provider. Which action does the nurse anticipate next?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Coffee contains caffeine, which can affect anesthesia and surgery outcomes. Step 2: Anesthesia providers may delay or cancel surgery to avoid potential complications. Step 3: Patient safety is the top priority in surgery, so anesthesia providers may take precautions. Step 4: Delaying or canceling surgery allows time for the effects of caffeine to wear off. Therefore, the correct answer is A. Other choices are incorrect because addressing the components or reasons for coffee consumption are secondary to ensuring safe anesthesia administration.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is experiencing a possible neurological emergency from a blunt force closed head injury. He is found to have abnormal pupillary reactions to light and has lost the ability to move his eyes from side to side to follow your finger movements. He is also unable to identify the number of fingers you are holding up. He reports he is able to see the fingers but is not able to focus enough to identify how many fingers are present. Which of the following cranial nerves should you suspect may be involved in his injury?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Cranial nerves II, III, and IV. The patient's symptoms indicate dysfunction in vision, eye movement, and pupillary reactions, which are controlled by cranial nerves II (optic nerve), III (oculomotor nerve), and IV (trochlear nerve). The inability to identify fingers suggests optic nerve involvement, the inability to move eyes sideways indicates oculomotor nerve involvement, and abnormal pupillary reactions point to both oculomotor and optic nerve dysfunction. Choices A, B, and C do not cover the combination of cranial nerves responsible for the observed symptoms, making them incorrect.
Question 3 of 5
You are the first ambulance to arrive on the scene of a single-car accident. As you approach the scene, you see four patients, two have been ejected from their vehicle, and two are still in the vehicle. What should be your next course of action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Request additional resources, such as fire rescue, and additional ambulances to respond to the scene. This is the best course of action because in a single-car accident with four patients, the situation is likely to be complex and require multiple resources. Requesting additional help ensures that there are enough personnel and equipment on scene to effectively manage the situation and provide prompt care to all patients. This step is crucial for the safety and well-being of the patients and the responders. Summary of other choices: A: Calling medical control is important, but in this scenario, immediate action on scene is necessary before informing medical control. C: Starting immediate triage and treatment is important, but given the severity of the situation, additional resources are needed before focusing solely on the two ejected patients. D: Notifying the local trauma center is important, but the immediate priority is to ensure that all patients receive timely and appropriate care on scene before transferring them to a higher level of care.
Question 4 of 5
You are on-scene with a patient who you suspect may be experiencing a myocardial infarction. He is conscious and alert, anxious, and has dilated pupils. He complains of substernal chest pain and admits to recent cocaine use. How does the use of cocaine increase the risk of experiencing an acute myocardial infarction?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Cocaine causes constriction of coronary arteries, leading to decreased blood flow to the heart muscle. This constriction can increase the chance of dislodging a thrombus or plaque, ultimately causing an acute myocardial infarction. Choice A is incorrect as speeding the heart rate to the point of asystole is unlikely with cocaine use. Choice B is incorrect as cocaine-induced clotting in the periphery does not directly lead to clots traveling to the coronary arteries. Choice C is incorrect as cocaine does not numb the heart but rather affects coronary perfusion negatively.
Question 5 of 5
Venous blood samples are often obtained in the pre-hospital setting for various tests to be performed at the hospital. What color tube stopper would a paramedic want to use if law enforcement at an accident requests the patients involved have their blood drawn at the scene to be tested for the possibility of alcohol intoxication at the hospital?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Gray. Gray stopper tubes are used for blood samples to test for alcohol levels, such as for blood alcohol content (BAC). This is because gray stopper tubes contain sodium fluoride, which prevents blood from fermenting and preserves alcohol levels accurately. Other choices are incorrect: B (light blue) is used for coagulation testing, C (lavender) is used for complete blood count (CBC) and blood typing, and D (green) is used for chemistry tests.