During oogenesis, an oogonium ovarian and uterine (menstrual) directly gives rise to ________. cycles?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: 14 days. During oogenesis, the process of ovulation occurs approximately 14 days prior to the start of the next menstrual cycle. This is crucial for timing fertilization and pregnancy. The other choices are incorrect because: A: an ovum is the mature egg released during ovulation, not directly related to the menstrual cycle. B: 7 days is not a relevant timeframe in the context of oogenesis and menstrual cycles. C: a primary oocyte is the initial stage of egg development and needs further maturation before ovulation, not directly linked to the menstrual cycle timing.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because oestrogen actually has a negative feedback effect on the hypothalamus. When oestrogen levels rise, it signals the hypothalamus to stop producing gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which in turn decreases follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) production. This negative feedback loop helps regulate the menstrual cycle. Choices B, C, and D are correct statements about oestrogen. Oestrogen does stimulate retention of fluid, growth of ovaries and follicles, and the development of female body characteristics.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because oestrogen levels in females rise and fall every month in response to the menstrual cycle. This hormone is produced by the ovaries and plays a key role in regulating the menstrual cycle. During the menstrual cycle, oestrogen levels increase during the first half of the cycle (follicular phase), peak around ovulation, and then decrease in the second half of the cycle (luteal phase). This cyclical pattern is essential for preparing the uterus for potential pregnancy. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because oestrogen levels do not follow a continuous decline throughout a female's life, peak during gestation, or reach their highest level just after birth.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: fallopian tubes. Fertilization occurs in the fallopian tubes where the sperm meets the egg. The fallopian tubes are where the egg is released from the ovary and where fertilization takes place. The uterus (choice A) is where the fertilized egg implants and develops into a fetus. The labia (choice C) are external genital structures and do not play a role in fertilization. The vagina (choice D) is the birth canal and does not directly participate in fertilization. Therefore, the fallopian tubes are the correct choice for the site of fertilization in the female reproductive system.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: mammoplasty. "Mammo-" refers to the breast, and "-plasty" indicates surgical repair or reconstruction. This term specifically denotes surgical fixation of the breast(s). B: Mastopexy refers to a breast lift, not fixation. C: Hysteropexy involves fixing the uterus, not the breast. D: Vaginoplasty refers to surgical reconstruction of the vagina, not the breast.