During morning care, the nursing assistant asks a patient with dementia, 'How was your night?' The patient replies, 'It was lovely. My husband and I went out to dinner and to a movie.' The nurse who overhears this should make the assessment that the patient is:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Using confabulation. Confabulation is when a person with dementia unknowingly creates fictitious memories to fill in gaps in their memory. In this scenario, the patient's response of going out to dinner and a movie with their husband is not based in reality, indicating confabulation. A: Demonstrating a sense of humor is incorrect because the patient is not intentionally being humorous. C: Perseverating is incorrect as it refers to repeating the same words or phrases, which is not evident in the patient's response. D: None of the above is incorrect as the patient's response aligns with confabulation.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: None of the above. The disorder described in the question is Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (PLMD), not any of the options provided. PLMD involves involuntary movements during sleep, which are different from the symptoms of insomnia, narcolepsy, or hypersomnia. Insomnia is difficulty falling or staying asleep, narcolepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, and hypersomnia is excessive daytime sleepiness despite getting enough sleep. Therefore, the correct answer is D as none of the provided options accurately describe the specific disorder mentioned in the question.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Serum potassium level of 3.2 mEq/L. This indicates severe hypokalemia, which can lead to life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias in patients with eating disorders. Hospitalization is necessary for immediate monitoring and intervention to prevent serious complications. Choices B, C, and D do not indicate imminent life-threatening risks requiring immediate hospitalization.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, dental enamel erosion and swollen parotid glands, in patients with bulimia nervosa. This is due to frequent self-induced vomiting. Enamel erosion is caused by stomach acid exposure during vomiting. Swollen parotid glands result from repeated purging. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because low blood pressure and bradycardia are more common in anorexia nervosa, hyperactivity and increased energy are not typical in bulimia nervosa, and constipation and abdominal bloating are not specific to this disorder.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because abuse of diuretics and laxatives is a common behavior in individuals with bulimia nervosa to control weight. This behavior is known as purging. Choice A is incorrect as personality traits vary among individuals with bulimia nervosa. Choice C is incorrect as disinterest in sexual activity is not a typical feature of this disorder. Choice D is incorrect as individuals with bulimia nervosa often experience episodes of binge eating, indicating they do experience hunger at times.