ATI RN
Anatomy of Hematologic System Questions
Question 1 of 5
During haemostasis, prostacyclin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prostacyclin is a vasodilator, which means it causes blood vessels to widen, leading to decreased blood pressure and increased blood flow. During haemostasis, this vasodilation helps in maintaining blood flow and preventing platelet aggregation in the damaged area. Option A is incorrect because prostacyclin does not cleave prothrombin into thrombin. Option C is incorrect as prostacyclin inhibits platelet aggregation. Option D is incorrect because prostacyclin does not directly activate fibrinolysis. In summary, the correct answer is B because prostacyclin's vasodilation function plays a crucial role in haemostasis by preventing excessive clot formation and maintaining blood flow.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the parts of the complete blood count and differential with a patient. Where should the nurse state that neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils are produced?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Red bone marrow. Neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils are all types of white blood cells that are produced in the red bone marrow through a process called hematopoiesis. The red bone marrow is a primary site for the production of blood cells, including these specific types of white blood cells. Neutrophils are important for fighting bacterial infections, eosinophils are involved in allergic reactions and parasitic infections, and basophils play a role in allergic responses. Therefore, it is crucial for the nurse to inform the patient that these cells are produced in the red bone marrow. The other choices (A: Spleen, B: Thymus, C: Lymph nodes) are incorrect as these organs do not play a primary role in the production of these specific types of white blood cells.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is documenting findings after completing data collection with a patient. What term should the nurse use to document a large area of discoloration from hemorrhage under the skin?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct term to document a large area of discoloration from hemorrhage under the skin is ecchymosis. Ecchymosis refers to a bruise caused by the extravasation of blood into the subcutaneous tissues. Pallor (A) is paleness, rubor (B) is redness, and petechiae (C) are tiny, pinpoint-sized red or purple spots on the skin due to bleeding. Ecchymosis is the most appropriate term for describing a large area of discoloration from hemorrhage under the skin as it specifically denotes a bruise resulting from blood leakage into tissues.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is monitoring a patient receiving a blood product and is concerned that the blood is going to deteriorate before it is complete infused. What is the maximum time that blood can hang during infusion before it begins to deteriorate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 4 hours. Blood products typically have a maximum hang time of 4 hours to prevent bacterial contamination and ensure the integrity of the product. Beyond 4 hours, the risk of bacterial growth and contamination increases, leading to potential harm for the patient. Therefore, it is crucial to adhere to this time limit to maintain the safety and effectiveness of the blood product. Summary: - A (1 hour), B (2 hours), and C (3 hours) are incorrect because they do not align with the standard maximum hang time for blood products, which is 4 hours. Adhering to this time limit is essential to prevent deterioration and ensure patient safety.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the results of a patient's arterial blood gas analysis. What should the nurse recognize as being a normal blood pH?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 7.38. Normal blood pH ranges from 7.35 to 7.45. A pH of 7.38 falls within this range, indicating a slightly alkaline (basic) pH, which is considered normal. Choices A, B, and D are all outside the normal range, indicating acidosis (A and B) or alkalosis (D). Therefore, C is the correct answer as it falls within the normal blood pH range.