ATI RN
ATI Proctored Pharmacology 2024 Questions
Question 1 of 9
During diuretic therapy, the nurse monitors the fluid and electrolyte status of the patient. Which assessment findings are symptoms of hyponatremia? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lethargy is a common symptom of hyponatremia, which is a low sodium level in the blood. it is often associated with a decrease in brain function due to the imbalance of electrolytes.
Question 2 of 9
Potential causes for respiratory alkalosis include
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Respiratory alkalosis results from excessive CO2 loss, raising pH. Hyperventilation causes this, common in anxiety or hypoxia. Hypotension and hypertension affect circulation, not breathing rate. Hypoventilation causes acidosis. D aligns with acid-base physiology, making it correct.
Question 3 of 9
A patient is taking digoxin (Lanoxin) and a loop diuretic daily. When the nurse enters the room with the morning medications, the patient states, I am seeing a funny yellow color around the lights. What is the nurse™s next action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient's statement about seeing a funny yellow color around the lights is indicative of potential digoxin toxicity, as digoxin can cause visual disturbances, such as changes in color vision. The nurse should assess the patient for other symptoms of digoxin toxicity, which may include nausea, vomiting, confusion, and changes in heart rate. It is important to evaluate the patient's condition further to determine the appropriate course of action, including the need for further evaluation and potentially withholding the next dose of digoxin.
Question 4 of 9
A patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus asks the nurse how metformin decreases blood sugar. What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metformin primarily works by decreasing hepatic glucose production and improving insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues. It does not increase insulin resistance (B), block carbohydrate absorption (C), or stimulate insulin release (D). These mechanisms help lower blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Question 5 of 9
An adolescent patient comes to the school nurse with complaints of vague abdominal pain. What assessment data would help to confirm the nurse's suspicion that the adolescent has body image concerns?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Body image concerns in adolescents often tie to eating-defensiveness about food scrutiny suggests disordered eating (e.g., anorexia), linking pain to image stress. Sexual activity, irregular periods, or parent conflicts point elsewhere-STI, hormonal issues, or family tension. Food focus signals image worry, per developmental psychology.
Question 6 of 9
The client is receiving a brand name drug and wants to change to the generic form because it is cheaper. What is the best outcome for this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Understanding two differences (e.g., cost, inactive ingredients) between brand and generic drugs empowers the client to make informed choices, the best outcome. Sticking to brand after physician talk assumes preference. Asking why brand is better misaligns-generics are equivalent. Cost reduction methods are practical but secondary to comprehension. Knowledge of differences supports the switch, aligning with cost-saving goals.
Question 7 of 9
During diuretic therapy, the nurse monitors the fluid and electrolyte status of the patient. Which assessment findings are symptoms of hyponatremia? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lethargy is a common symptom of hyponatremia, which is a low sodium level in the blood. it is often associated with a decrease in brain function due to the imbalance of electrolytes.
Question 8 of 9
The client is receiving oxytocin (Pitocin) for induction of labor. Which assessment finding will most likely result in the nurse stopping the infusion?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Oxytocin induces labor by stimulating uterine contractions, but excessive use can cause hyperstimulation, leading to continuous, sustained contractions . This risks uterine rupture or fetal distress, necessitating immediate cessation of the infusion to protect mother and baby. Transition is a labor stage, not a reason to stop unless complications arise. Strong contractions are expected, and regular contractions every 2-3 minutes are normal for labor induction. The nurse stops the infusion for sustained contractions due to their potential for catastrophic outcomes, making choice A the most likely trigger based on oxytocin's safety profile.
Question 9 of 9
The nurse is reviewing discharge teaching for a patient who will be taking digoxin (Lanoxin) therapy. The nurse will teach the patient to avoid which foods when taking the digoxin?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Grapefruit juice can interfere with the effectiveness of digoxin by inhibiting the enzyme responsible for metabolizing the drug in the body. This interaction can lead to increased levels of digoxin in the bloodstream, potentially causing harmful effects such as toxicity. It is important for patients taking digoxin to avoid consuming grapefruit juice to ensure the medication works as intended.