During discharge instructions, a client with a new prescription for Phenytoin should be advised to take which of the following actions?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct instruction for a client with a new prescription for Phenytoin is to brush and floss their teeth regularly. Phenytoin is known to cause gingival hyperplasia, a condition that affects the gums. By maintaining good oral hygiene practices such as regular brushing and flossing, the client can help minimize the risk of developing this side effect.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) Avoid drinking grapefruit juice. Atorvastatin is a statin medication commonly prescribed to lower cholesterol levels. Grapefruit juice contains compounds that can interfere with the enzymes responsible for metabolizing certain drugs, including atorvastatin. Consuming grapefruit juice while taking atorvastatin can lead to increased levels of the medication in the bloodstream, which may result in adverse effects or reduced effectiveness of the drug. Option A) Take this medication with food is not the best instruction for atorvastatin. While some medications benefit from being taken with food to reduce stomach upset or enhance absorption, atorvastatin can be taken with or without food. Option C) Take this medication in the morning does not directly impact the effectiveness or safety of atorvastatin. Atorvastatin can be taken at any time of the day, as long as it is taken consistently. Option D) Increase your intake of potassium-rich foods is not relevant to atorvastatin therapy. Atorvastatin does not interact with potassium levels in the body, so there is no specific need to increase potassium intake while taking this medication. In an educational context, it is crucial for nurses to understand the specific instructions and considerations for each medication to ensure patient safety and effectiveness of treatment. Teaching patients about potential drug interactions, like avoiding grapefruit juice with atorvastatin, is essential to promote optimal outcomes and prevent complications.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A) Take this medication with food. Metformin is an oral antidiabetic medication that is known to cause gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea and diarrhea. Taking it with food helps to minimize these side effects by slowing down the absorption of the medication and reducing irritation to the stomach lining. Additionally, taking Metformin with a meal helps to ensure more consistent blood levels of the drug, optimizing its effectiveness in controlling blood sugar levels. Option B) Avoid eating foods high in potassium is incorrect because Metformin does not interact with potassium levels in the body. This instruction is unrelated to the safe and effective use of Metformin. Option C) Take this medication at bedtime is incorrect because Metformin is typically taken with meals to reduce gastrointestinal side effects and ensure proper absorption. There is no specific timing requirement for taking Metformin at bedtime. Option D) Take this medication every other day is incorrect because Metformin is usually prescribed for daily use to maintain steady blood sugar control. Taking it every other day would not provide consistent therapeutic levels of the medication in the body. In an educational context, it is crucial for nurses to understand the proper administration and instructions for medications like Metformin to ensure patient safety and treatment efficacy. Teaching patients about the importance of taking Metformin with food can help improve medication adherence and reduce the likelihood of adverse effects.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet medication that works by preventing blood clots. Monitoring the patient's platelet count is essential because a decrease in platelet count can increase the risk of bleeding. By assessing the platelet count, the healthcare professional can detect any potential adverse effects related to the medication and take appropriate actions to prevent complications.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A routine prescription indicates that the medication is to be administered on a regular schedule, typically daily, without a specified termination date or a specific number of doses. In this case, Lisinopril 10 mg PO once daily is to be given regularly until the healthcare provider decides to discontinue it. This type of prescription is common for medications that are part of the client's ongoing treatment regimen.