ATI RN
Genitourinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
During an examination, which tests will the nurse collect to screen for cervical cancer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it includes the essential tests for screening cervical cancer. Endocervical specimen and cervical scrape are collected to examine cells for abnormalities. Vaginal pool is obtained to detect any abnormal secretions or bleeding. Choice B is incorrect as acetic acid wash is not typically used for cervical cancer screening. Choice C includes potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparation which is not a standard test for cervical cancer screening. Choice D is incorrect as saline mount (wet prep) is not commonly used for this purpose. In summary, choice A is correct as it includes the necessary tests for cervical cancer screening, while the other choices include irrelevant or non-standard tests.
Question 2 of 5
A 30-year-old woman is experiencing irregular menstrual cycles, and the nurse suspects polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Which of the following symptoms would the nurse expect to see in this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Excessive weight gain. In PCOS, insulin resistance can lead to weight gain, especially in the abdominal area. This is a common symptom seen in patients with PCOS. Excessive hair growth (Choices A and C) is a symptom of hirsutism, which can occur in PCOS due to hormonal imbalances, but it is not the most specific symptom. Irregular periods and infertility (Choice B) are also common in PCOS, but weight gain is more characteristic and directly linked to the condition.
Question 3 of 5
A 38-year-old woman is undergoing a breast examination. During the examination, the nurse palpates a lump that is hard, fixed, and irregular. The nurse's most appropriate action would be to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Perform a biopsy to assess for malignancy. The characteristics of the lump (hard, fixed, irregular) raise suspicion for malignancy. A biopsy is necessary to definitively determine if the lump is cancerous. Monitoring for changes (A), scheduling an ultrasound (C), or referring for a mammogram (D) may provide additional information, but a biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing breast cancer.
Question 4 of 5
A 55-year-old woman presents to the clinic with a complaint of severe hot flashes and irregular periods. The nurse suspects perimenopause. Which of the following is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreased estrogen levels. In perimenopause, the ovaries gradually produce less estrogen, leading to symptoms like hot flashes and irregular periods. Estrogen decline is the primary cause, as evidenced by the characteristic symptoms. Hormonal fluctuations (B) are a result of estrogen decline. Ovarian cysts (C) and increased progesterone levels (D) are less likely causes of perimenopausal symptoms.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is true of the vasculature of kidneys?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because blood vessels enter and exit the kidney at the renal hilum, which is where the renal pelvis becomes the ureter. This is important for renal blood supply and urine drainage. A: Renal arteries are posterior to the renal veins, not anterior. C: The left renal artery is shorter and lower than the right renal artery due to the position of the aorta. D: The left renal vein is longer and higher than the right renal vein, as it has a longer course to reach the inferior vena cava.