During an assessment of a 68-year-old man with a recent onset of right-sided weakness, the nurse hears a blowing, swishing sound with the bell of the stethoscope over the left carotid artery. This finding would indicate:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Blood flow turbulence. The blowing, swishing sound heard over the left carotid artery indicates a bruit, which is caused by turbulent blood flow. This can be due to atherosclerosis or stenosis in the carotid artery. Increased cardiac output (A) would not manifest as a bruit. Fluid volume overload (C) would not cause a bruit specifically over the carotid artery. Ventricular hypertrophy (D) is unrelated to the presence of a bruit. In summary, the presence of a bruit indicates blood flow turbulence, typically due to underlying vascular pathology.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer D: 1. The great saphenous vein is a superficial vein and removal doesn't significantly impact circulation. 2. Deeper veins, like the femoral and popliteal veins, are responsible for major venous return. 3. These deeper veins will compensate for the removal of the great saphenous vein, maintaining circulation. 4. Therefore, removing the great saphenous vein won't harm circulation due to the presence of deeper veins. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: Incorrect. Venous insufficiency isn't a common problem post-surgery as other veins compensate. B: Incorrect. Dismissing the significance of vein removal and its impact on circulation is inaccurate. C: Incorrect. While there may be decreased circulation in the superficial system, deep venous return is preserved.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Venous filling within 15 seconds. When the patient is sitting up after having his legs elevated, venous blood should quickly return to the legs due to gravity, resulting in venous filling within about 15 seconds. This is a normal physiological response. A: Significant elevational pallor is incorrect as pallor would indicate poor circulation, which is not expected in this scenario. C: No change in the coloration of the skin is incorrect as there should be a change in color due to venous filling. D: Color returning to the feet within 20 seconds of assuming a sitting position is not as specific as option B, which mentions venous filling specifically within 15 seconds.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Asking the patient to describe what happened provides crucial information about the onset, possible cause, and nature of the knee pain. This helps in understanding the context and determining the appropriate follow-up questions or examinations. Option A focuses solely on pain intensity, neglecting important context. Option B assumes a past injury without gathering current information. Option C asks for a specific timeframe without capturing the full picture of the pain episode.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Emergency database. In the case of an OxyContin overdose, an emergency database would be the most appropriate type of data collection. This is because an overdose requires immediate and urgent attention, necessitating quick and focused data collection to assess the situation and provide necessary interventions promptly. A complete database (choice A) would be too time-consuming and comprehensive for an emergency situation. A focused or problem-centered database (choice B) may not capture all relevant information in a timely manner. A follow-up database (choice C) would be more suitable for monitoring and tracking progress after the initial emergency has been addressed, rather than for the immediate response to an overdose.