During an assessment of a 12-hour-old newborn, the nurse notices pale pink spots on the nape of the neck. How does the nurse document this finding?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: telangiectatic nevi. These are also known as "stork bites" or "angel kisses." The rationale for this choice is that telangiectatic nevi are pale pink spots commonly found on the nape of the neck in newborns, which typically fade over time. A: Nevus vasculosus is a different type of birthmark characterized by a red or purple color due to an overgrowth of blood vessels. B: Mongolian spots are bluish-gray birthmarks usually found on the lower back or buttocks. C: Nevus flammeus, also known as a port-wine stain, presents as a flat, pink, or red mark on the skin. In summary, the correct answer, telangiectatic nevi, is the most appropriate choice based on the description of the finding on the newborn's nape of the neck, while the other options describe different types of birthmarks with distinct characteristics.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because at 40 weeks, the testes should be descended into the scrotum. This is a normal developmental milestone for male newborns. Additionally, the presence of appropriate rugae on the scrotum indicates maturity. Choice A is incorrect as the scrotum should not be empty at this stage. Choice B is incorrect as the testes should be in the scrotum, not in the upper canal. Choice D is incorrect as pendulous testes and deep rugae are not typical characteristics of a 40-week preterm male newborn's genitalia.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the Brazelton assessment is used to evaluate the newborn's neurobehavioral development and ability to interact with the environment. In this case, the 15-year-old parent may be at risk for delayed attachment due to her age and the circumstances of giving birth. The assessment can help identify any issues early on and provide appropriate interventions. Choice B is incorrect because the timing of when the newborn is going home is not relevant to the Brazelton assessment. Choice C is incorrect as the Electronic Health Record (EHR) prompting is not a valid reason to conduct the assessment. Choice D is incorrect as there is no indication that the infant is withdrawing from a substance.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because a newborn being highly irritable and demonstrating mood swings is indicative of poor adaptability and self-regulation skills, which are factors considered in rating newborns. Being irritable and having mood swings can be signs of difficulty in self-soothing and adjusting to the environment, hence not meeting the criteria for being rated exceptionally good. A: Remaining alert is generally a positive sign of responsiveness, so it wouldn't hinder the newborn from being rated as exceptionally good. C: Demonstrating self-soothing and quieting techniques is a positive behavior that can contribute to a newborn being rated as exceptionally good. D: Shutting down body responses to stimuli when drowsy is a normal physiological response and does not necessarily impact the newborn's rating as exceptionally good.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: Using water and soap if the stump is dirty is the correct method for umbilical cord care as per current guidelines. Step 2: Soap and water help prevent infection without disrupting the natural healing process. Step 3: Daily tub baths or using antiseptics or antibiotic ointments can be harmful by interfering with healing. Step 4: Therefore, choice C is the most appropriate and effective method for umbilical cord care.