ATI RN
Cardiovascular Treatment Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
During an admission assessment, a nurse notes that a client diagnosed with schizophrenia has allergies to penicillin, prochlorperazine (Compazine), and bee stings. On the basis of this assessment data, which antipsychotic medication would be contraindicated?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Thioridazine (Mellaril), because of cross-sensitivity among phenothiazines. Thioridazine belongs to the phenothiazine class, which includes prochlorperazine (Compazine) to which the client is allergic. Cross-sensitivity among phenothiazines can lead to allergic reactions. A, B, and C are incorrect: A: Haloperidol (Haldol) is not contraindicated solely based on the client's allergies. Its use in elderly patients is not a relevant factor in this case. B: Clozapine (Clozaril) does not have a cross-sensitivity with penicillin. It is not contraindicated in this case. C: Risperidone (Risperdal) does not exacerbate symptoms of depression. It is not contraindicated based on the client's allergies.
Question 2 of 5
A patient taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor reports that he forgot he wasn’t supposed to take over-the-counter drugs without prior approval and took some medication for his cold 6 hours ago. His wife, a nurse’s aide, checked and reports that his blood pressure is 128/84, slightly above his usual blood pressure. He has not noticed any other changes or symptoms. Which of the following responses by the nurse would be most appropriate? (Select the one that does not apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The most appropriate response is B because the patient is taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, which can interact dangerously with cold medications containing ingredients like pseudoephedrine. Going to the emergency room is a precautionary measure to ensure the patient's safety due to the potential risk of a hypertensive crisis. Response A is incorrect because even a single dose can be dangerous in this scenario. Response C is incorrect as waiting for symptoms to appear before seeking help can delay necessary treatment. Response D is also incorrect as waiting for the blood pressure to reach a specific level can be risky in this situation. Going to the ER promptly is the safest course of action.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse knows that a patient’s total cholesterol level should be within which range?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. The optimal total cholesterol level is below 200 mg/dL for heart health. 2. Levels between 200-225 mg/dL are borderline high, increasing heart disease risk. 3. Levels between 225-250 mg/dL are high, indicating potential heart disease risk. 4. Levels greater than 250 mg/dL are very high, posing significant heart disease risk. Therefore, choice A (150 to 200 mg/dL) is correct for maintaining heart health. Other choices are incorrect as they indicate elevated or high cholesterol levels, increasing cardiovascular risk.
Question 4 of 5
An obese patient has schizophreni Medications that block which receptors would contribute to further weight gain?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: H1 receptors. Blocking H1 receptors can lead to weight gain by increasing appetite and reducing energy expenditure. Histamine receptors play a role in regulating appetite and metabolism. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Blocking 5-HT2 receptors may cause weight loss, GABA receptors are not directly involved in weight regulation, and acetylcholine receptors do not significantly impact weight gain.
Question 5 of 5
A patient mentions, “My doctor told me I was going to have a PET scan that would make my brain light up. Does that mean I’m getting an electrical jolt?” The best reply would be:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it provides a clear and accurate explanation of what a PET scan actually does. It states that PET scans involve an injected substance that shows areas of high brain activity, not electrical activity. This response clarifies the misunderstanding and educates the patient on how PET scans work. Choice A is incorrect because it only compares PET scans to electroconvulsive therapy without addressing the patient's specific concern about electrical jolts. Choice B is incorrect as it only distinguishes between PET scans and electroconvulsive therapy without addressing the patient's misconception about brain activity and electrical jolts. Choice D is incorrect because it inaccurately describes PET scans as showing electrical activity in the form of light bands, which is not how PET scans work. It is essential to provide accurate information to address the patient's concerns effectively.