During a routine health screening, a grieving widow whose husband died 15 months ago reports emptiness, a loss of self, difficulty thinking of the future, and anger at her dead husband. The nurse suggests bereavement counseling. The widow is most likely suffering from:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Major depression. The widow's symptoms of emptiness, loss of self, difficulty thinking of the future, and anger are indicative of major depression, which is a common reaction to a significant loss. The duration of symptoms (15 months) and their severity suggest a diagnosis of major depression rather than normal grieving or adjustment disorder. Posttraumatic stress disorder is characterized by specific trauma-related symptoms, which are not evident in this case.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, social needs, such as belongingness and love, come after physiological and safety needs. Randi's feeling of exclusion in group activities and social events indicates a lack of fulfilling these social needs. Self-actualization needs relate to personal growth and achieving one's full potential, not the issue at hand. Safety needs focus on physical security, which is not the primary concern in this scenario. Esteem needs involve feeling respected and valued, but in Randi's case, the immediate issue is the lack of inclusion and connection in social settings, pointing to unmet social needs.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: 1. ADHD is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders, affecting about 5-7% of children worldwide. 2. This prevalence makes choice A correct as it highlights the widespread occurrence of ADHD. 3. Choice B is incorrect as ADHD can persist into adulthood, affecting around 2-5% of adults. 4. Choice C is incorrect as medication is not the only treatment option, and it is not commonly prescribed for children under six due to potential side effects. 5. Choice D is incorrect as individuals with ADHD are at higher risk for accidents and injuries due to impulsivity and inattention. In summary, choice A is the correct statement as ADHD is indeed one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because Maslow's hierarchy of needs prioritizes safety and security needs. Hostile and angry behaviors threaten the safety of other clients and staff, requiring immediate intervention. Choice A relates to social needs, Choice C relates to belongingness needs, and Choice D relates to self-esteem needs, which are lower in the hierarchy compared to safety needs.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Genuineness. When a nurse communicates openly and is self-congruent, authentic, and transparent, they are demonstrating genuineness by being true to themselves and their feelings. This helps build trust and rapport with patients. Respect (A) focuses on valuing others, empathy (B) involves understanding and sharing the feelings of others, and correctness (D) pertains to providing accurate information. Genuineness is the most appropriate skill in this context as it emphasizes sincerity and honesty in communication.