ATI RN
Theoretical Basis for Behavior Modification Questions
Question 1 of 5
During a routine checkup, Nurse Mariane assesses a male client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) for signs and symptoms of cancer. What is the most common AIDS-related cancer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Kaposi's sarcoma. This is the most common AIDS-related cancer, caused by human herpesvirus 8. It presents as reddish-purple skin lesions and can also involve internal organs. It is more prevalent in individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with AIDS. Squamous cell carcinoma (A) is a type of skin cancer not directly linked to AIDS. Multiple myeloma (B) is a cancer of plasma cells, not commonly associated with AIDS. Leukemia (C) is a cancer of blood cells and is not the most common cancer seen in AIDS patients.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following drugs would be ordered by the physician to improve the platelet count in a male client with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Corticosteroids. Corticosteroids are commonly prescribed to increase platelet count in ITP by suppressing the immune system's attack on platelets. ASA (choice A) can actually worsen bleeding in ITP. Methotrexate (choice C) is used for other autoimmune conditions, not ITP. Vitamin K (choice D) is not effective in treating ITP as it is involved in the clotting process, not platelet production.
Question 3 of 5
Nurse Sugar is assessing a client with Cushing's syndrome. Which observation should the nurse report to the physician immediately?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: An irregular apical pulse. In Cushing's syndrome, excess cortisol can lead to cardiac arrhythmias. An irregular apical pulse indicates potential cardiac issues requiring immediate attention. Pitting edema (A) is common in conditions like heart failure. Dry mucous membranes (C) can be due to dehydration. Frequent urination (D) can be caused by conditions like diabetes. However, an irregular pulse is the most urgent concern due to the risk of serious cardiac complications.
Question 4 of 5
Rico with diabetes mellitus must learn how to self-administer insulin. The physician has prescribed 10 U of U-100 regular insulin and 35 U of U-100 isophane insulin suspension (NPH) to be taken before breakfast. When teaching the client how to select and rotate insulin injection sites, the nurse should provide which instruction?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Rotating injection sites helps prevent lipohypertrophy and ensures consistent insulin absorption. Step 2: Rotating within the same region allows for proper absorption without causing tissue damage. Step 3: Injecting into healthy tissue with large blood vessels can lead to erratic absorption. Step 4: Administering into areas of scar tissue or hypotrophy can alter insulin absorption. Step 5: Administering into sites above muscles before exercise can lead to rapid absorption and hypoglycemia.
Question 5 of 5
If a client requires a pneumonectomy, what fills the area of the thoracic cavity?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because after a pneumonectomy, the pleural cavity is filled with serous fluids to prevent collapse and consolidate the region. This fluid helps maintain the integrity of the thoracic cavity structure and prevents the other organs from shifting. Choice A is incorrect because leaving the space filled with air would lead to a collapsed lung and inefficient breathing. Choice B is incorrect as filling the space with a gel would not serve any physiological purpose and could potentially cause complications. Choice D is incorrect as tissue from the other lung does not grow over to the other side to fill the empty space left by the removed lung.