During a prenatal visit, a nurse discovers that a Black woman has been occasionally craving and eating clay. Which of the following actions should be taken by the nurse?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is option D: Stress the importance of an appropriate diet and avoiding pica in a culturally sensitive way. This option is the most appropriate because it addresses the health implications of pica, a condition where individuals crave and consume non-food items, which can be harmful during pregnancy due to the risk of ingesting harmful substances. By emphasizing the importance of maintaining a healthy diet and avoiding pica, the nurse is promoting the well-being of both the mother and the developing fetus. Option A is incorrect because dismissing the behavior as common can overlook potential health risks associated with pica. Option B is also incorrect as normalizing pica based on cultural beliefs can lead to neglecting the health concerns it poses. Option C is not the best choice as simply encouraging the behavior without addressing the underlying issue does not promote optimal maternal and fetal health. In an educational context, it is crucial for healthcare providers to understand the cultural background of their patients while also prioritizing evidence-based practices to ensure the best outcomes for both the mother and the baby. By addressing pica in a culturally sensitive manner and emphasizing the importance of a healthy diet, nurses can play a key role in promoting prenatal health and well-being.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is A) High motility. Sperm must possess high motility to reach and penetrate the egg for fertilization to occur. Motility allows sperm to navigate through the female reproductive tract to reach the egg in the fallopian tube. Option B) Uniform size is incorrect because sperm naturally vary in size and shape, and this variability does not impact their ability to fertilize an egg. Option C) Ability to secrete enzymes that dissolve the membrane surrounding the egg is incorrect because it is the sperm's acrosome that contains these enzymes, not a general property of sperm. Option D) Life span of at least 3 hours is incorrect because sperm typically survive for a few days within the female reproductive tract, but only a small percentage will successfully fertilize an egg. Educationally, understanding the properties required for conception provides crucial knowledge for individuals seeking to conceive or prevent pregnancy. Knowing how sperm functions in fertilization can aid in family planning decisions and understanding reproductive health.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The most therapeutic response by the nurse in this scenario is option A) Ask the mother about the infant’s feeding schedule. This response is correct because it addresses the issue by gathering more information to understand the situation fully. By asking about the feeding schedule, the nurse can assess if the infant is getting adequate nutrition, if the feeding times align with the infant's natural sleep patterns, and if there are any underlying concerns such as reflux or other feeding issues. Option B) Assure the mother that he is growing fine is incorrect because it dismisses the mother's concerns without addressing the root of the problem. While growth is important, addressing feeding and sleep patterns is crucial for overall infant health. Option C) Tell the mother that half a bottle is probably enough for him is incorrect as it assumes without assessment that the infant's intake is adequate, which may not be the case. It is essential to individualize feeding recommendations based on the infant's needs. Option D) Tell the mother she should start to add solids to his diet is incorrect at 3 months of age. The introduction of solids should be based on developmental readiness, typically around 6 months of age, as recommended by health organizations. In an educational context, this question highlights the importance of holistic assessment and individualized care in pediatric nursing. Understanding infant feeding patterns, growth, and development are crucial aspects of providing effective nursing care to both infants and their caregivers. By addressing the underlying concerns and providing appropriate guidance, nurses can support optimal infant health and development.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, option C, "Parents have low self-esteem," is the most likely indicator of risk for child abuse in an infant. Low parental self-esteem can lead to feelings of inadequacy, frustration, and an inability to cope with the demands of parenting. These factors can increase the likelihood of abusive behaviors towards the child. Option A, "Father has experienced paternal engrossment," is not directly linked to an increased risk of child abuse. Paternal engrossment, while important for bonding, does not necessarily correlate with abusive tendencies. Option B, "Responds to parental touch," is a normal developmental response and does not indicate an increased risk of child abuse. Option D, "Has been adopted," does not inherently increase the risk of child abuse. Adopted children can thrive in loving and supportive environments. Educationally, understanding the risk factors for child abuse is crucial for healthcare professionals, educators, and caregivers to prevent and intervene in cases of abuse. Recognizing signs of parental distress, low self-esteem, and ineffective coping strategies can help in providing support and interventions to protect children from harm. It is essential to promote healthy parent-child relationships and offer resources to families in need to ensure the well-being and safety of children.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct recommendation by the nurse for the 2-month-old infant would be option A) Colorful mobile with music. This recommendation aligns with the infant's stage of development. At 2 months old, infants are in the stage of early sensory and cognitive development. They are starting to track objects with their eyes, listen to sounds, and are becoming more aware of their surroundings. A colorful mobile with music is a suitable choice because it provides visual stimulation with its bright colors and moving parts, which can help in the development of the infant's visual tracking skills. The addition of music can also engage the infant's auditory senses, promoting cognitive development and sensory integration. The other options (B) Rattle, (C) Stuffed teddy bear, and (D) Play telephone are not as developmentally appropriate for a 2-month-old infant. While a rattle may provide some auditory stimulation, it lacks the visual engagement that a colorful mobile offers. Stuffed animals and play telephones are more suitable for older infants who have developed object permanence and are more interactive in their play. In an educational context, it is crucial for nurses and healthcare professionals to understand the developmental stages of infants to provide appropriate recommendations for toys and activities that support their growth and learning. By recommending toys that align with the infant's developmental stage, healthcare professionals can promote healthy development and engagement in young children.