ATI RN
Classes of Psychotropic Medications Questions
Question 1 of 5
During a neonatal examination, the nurse notices that the newborn infant has six toes. This finding is documented as:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Polydactyly. Polydactyly refers to the presence of extra digits, such as having six toes. Unidactyly (A) is the absence of one digit, syndactyly (B) is the fusion of digits, and multidactyly (D) is not a recognized term in relation to digit anomalies. Therefore, based on the description of having six toes, polydactyly is the appropriate term to document this finding during the neonatal examination.
Question 2 of 5
When performing a musculoskeletal assessment, the nurse knows that the correct approach for the examination should be:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct approach for a musculoskeletal assessment is to examine from proximal to distal. This means starting closer to the body's center and moving towards the extremities. This approach helps to assess for overall strength, range of motion, and joint stability before focusing on specific areas. By starting proximally, the nurse can establish a baseline assessment and then progress methodically to evaluate each joint and muscle group. This systematic approach ensures a comprehensive evaluation of the musculoskeletal system. Summary of Other Choices: B: Distal to proximal - This approach may miss important information about overall strength and stability. C: Posterior to anterior - This sequence is not ideal for a musculoskeletal assessment as it doesn't follow the natural flow of muscle and joint movements. D: Anterior to posterior - This order may not provide a holistic view of the musculoskeletal system and may lead to missing relevant findings.
Question 3 of 5
The ability that humans have to perform very skilled movements such as writing is controlled by the:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Corticospinal tract. This tract is responsible for carrying signals for voluntary skilled movements from the primary motor cortex to the spinal cord. This includes precise movements like writing. The basal ganglia (A) is involved in motor planning and coordination, not in the direct control of skilled movements. The spinothalamic tract (C) is responsible for transmitting sensory information about pain and temperature, not motor control. The extrapyramidal tract (D) is involved in regulating muscle tone and reflexes, not in executing skilled movements like writing.
Question 4 of 5
During the taking of the health history, a patient tells the nurse that 'it feels like the room is spinning around me.' The nurse would document this finding as:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Vertigo. Vertigo is a specific sensation of spinning or movement when there is no actual movement in the environment. This symptom is often associated with inner ear disorders. B: Syncope is a temporary loss of consciousness due to decreased blood flow to the brain. C: Dizziness is a general term that can encompass various sensations of lightheadedness, unsteadiness, or spinning. D: Seizure activity involves abnormal electrical activity in the brain, typically presenting with involuntary movements or altered consciousness.
Question 5 of 5
When the nurse asks a 68-year-old patient to stand with his feet together and arms at his side with his eyes closed, he starts to sway and moves his feet farther apart. The nurse would document this finding as:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Positive Romberg sign. This finding indicates a positive Romberg test, which assesses proprioception and vestibular function. The patient swaying and widening his stance with eyes closed suggests a loss of balance control when visual input is removed. This can be indicative of sensory ataxia, a dysfunction in proprioception. Lack of coordination (choice B) is a broad term and does not specifically describe the patient's response. Ataxia (choice A) refers to a lack of muscle control during voluntary movements, not related to balance with eyes closed. Negative Homans sign (choice C) is a test for deep vein thrombosis in the lower extremities, not relevant in this case.