ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
During a home visit to an older client living alone post-coronary artery bypass graft, what finding prompts the nurse to consider additional referrals?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B (Expired food found in the refrigerator) because it poses a potential health risk to the client. Expired food can lead to foodborne illnesses, especially for an older adult post-surgery. Dirty carpets (choice A) may not directly impact the client's health. Outdated medications (choice C) can be addressed by the nurse without additional referrals. The presence of multiple cats (choice D) may be a concern for allergies or cleanliness, but it is not as urgent as expired food in terms of health risks.
Question 2 of 5
The provider requests the nurse to start an infusion of an inotropic agent on a client. How should the nurse explain the action of these drugs to the client and spouse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: It increases the force of the heart's contractions. Inotropic agents are medications that enhance the strength of the heart's contractions, improving cardiac output. This explanation is accurate because inotropic agents work by increasing the contractility of the heart muscle, leading to stronger contractions and improved pumping ability. Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect: A: It constricts vessels, improving blood flow - This is incorrect because inotropic agents primarily affect the heart's contractility, not vascular constriction. B: It dilates vessels, which lessens the work of the heart - This is incorrect because inotropic agents do not primarily dilate vessels; their main action is on the heart's contractility. D: It slows the heart rate down for better filling - This is incorrect because inotropic agents do not slow down the heart rate; they increase the force of contractions. In summary, choice C is correct as inotropic agents increase the force of
Question 3 of 5
A healthcare provider is assessing a client who had a myocardial infarction. Upon auscultating heart sounds, the provider hears the following sound. What action by the provider is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Assess the client's lung sounds. This is important because after a myocardial infarction, there is a risk of pulmonary edema, which can present as crackles or wheezes in the lungs. By assessing the lung sounds, the healthcare provider can identify any signs of respiratory distress and promptly intervene if necessary. Choice B is incorrect because calling the Rapid Response Team is not warranted based solely on abnormal heart sounds. Choice C is incorrect as having the client sit upright is not directly related to addressing abnormal heart sounds. Choice D is also incorrect as it focuses solely on assessing lung sounds without considering the potential implications of the abnormal heart sounds.
Question 4 of 5
A client had an inferior wall myocardial infarction (MI). The nurse notes the client's cardiac rhythm as shown below. What action by the nurse is most important?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct action is to assess the client's blood pressure and level of consciousness. This is crucial in a client with an inferior wall MI to monitor for potential complications like cardiogenic shock. Assessing these vital signs can provide immediate information on the client's hemodynamic stability. Calling the health care provider or Rapid Response Team may be necessary based on assessment findings. Obtaining a permit for a temporary pacemaker insertion and preparing to administer antidysrhythmic medication are not the most immediate priorities and may not address the client's current needs.
Question 5 of 5
A nursing student learns about modifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease. Which factors does this include? (SATA)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Hypertension is a modifiable risk factor as it can be controlled through lifestyle changes and medication. 2. Age is a non-modifiable risk factor, as it naturally increases the risk of coronary artery disease. 3. Obesity is a modifiable risk factor, as weight management through diet and exercise can reduce the risk. 4. Smoking is a modifiable risk factor, as quitting smoking can significantly reduce the risk. Summary: B is correct as it is a modifiable risk factor that can be actively managed. A, C, and D are incorrect as age is non-modifiable and obesity and smoking are modifiable but were not selected as correct options.