ATI RN
Dewits Fundamental Concepts and Skills for Nursing Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 9
During a health history interview, a patient reports having to get up to void several times during the night and there is burning when passing urine. Which terms should the nurse use when documenting this patient’s manifestations? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: - Dysuria: Dysuria refers to pain or discomfort experienced during urination, which includes the sensation of burning the patient reported.
Question 2 of 9
Which property of cardiac cells is mechanical in nature?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Contractility is the property of cardiac cells that is mechanical in nature. It refers to the ability of cardiac muscle cells to contract in response to an electrical stimulus. This contraction is what enables the heart to pump blood throughout the body. Contractility is essential for maintaining cardiac output and overall cardiovascular function. While automaticity, excitability, and conductivity are also important properties of cardiac cells, they are primarily related to the electrical activity of the heart rather than the mechanical function of contraction.
Question 3 of 9
A nurse is teaching a client about the different types of angina. Which client statement indicate the need for follow up teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prinzmetal angina, also known as variant angina, is not typically associated with strenuous exercise. It is a type of angina that occurs at rest, often during the night or early morning hours. It is caused by a temporary spasm of the coronary arteries, leading to a decrease in blood flow to the heart muscle. Clients with Prinzmetal angina may experience chest pain, often with changes in the electrocardiogram (ECG) during an episode. Therefore, the client's statement about Prinzmetal angina occurring with strenuous exercise is incorrect and indicates the need for follow-up teaching.
Question 4 of 9
A urine dipstick test reveals a trace amount of protein. The nurse identifies which nursing diagnosis as appropriate for the client at this time?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A trace amount of protein in the urine dipstick test can indicate proteinuria, which can be a sign of kidney dysfunction. The presence of protein in the urine may lead to fluid retention and potential imbalances in fluid volume. Therefore, the appropriate nursing diagnosis in this situation would be "Risk for Imbalanced Fluid Volume," as monitoring and management of fluid balance would be crucial for the client's overall health and prevention of further complications related to kidney function.
Question 5 of 9
What type of shock is characterized by increased pulse and respirations, normal blood pressure, elevated body temperature, and warm and flushed skin?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Neurogenic shock is characterized by decreased vascular resistance due to loss of sympathetic tone. In this type of shock, there is widespread vasodilation leading to pooling of blood in the peripheral vessels, resulting in decreased venous return to the heart. The decreased vascular resistance results in relative hypovolemia despite normal blood volume, leading to compensatory mechanisms such as increased pulse and respirations to maintain tissue perfusion. The warm and flushed skin in neurogenic shock is a result of peripheral vasodilation, while the normal blood pressure is maintained due to the compensatory mechanisms and the lack of actual blood volume loss. Additionally, the elevated body temperature is a possible manifestation due to the systemic response to the shock state.
Question 6 of 9
The nurse is caring for a client who has been admitted to labor and delivery. What should the nurse recognize as risk factors for disseminating intravascular coagulation (DIC)? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a serious condition characterized by widespread activation of the clotting cascade and consumption of clotting factors, leading to both thrombosis and bleeding. Risk factors for DIC include conditions that cause significant tissue injury, which can trigger the coagulation pathway.
Question 7 of 9
A patient recovering from a partial nephrectomy is in the post-anesthesia care unit. Which interventions would be a priority for the patient? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: - Labeling and securing all catheters, tubes, and drains (Choice B) is a priority intervention as it ensures proper monitoring and identification of the postoperative devices. By keeping these items labeled and secure, healthcare providers can prevent accidental dislodgement or confusion, leading to improved patient safety and management.
Question 8 of 9
The nurse is preparing to assess a patient’s thyroid gland. For which criteria is the nurse assessing this gland?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When assessing the thyroid gland, the nurse primarily focuses on evaluating its size and consistency. The size of the thyroid can give indications of potential abnormalities such as enlargement (goiter) or nodules. Consistency refers to the feel of the gland, which can vary depending on conditions such as inflammation or malignancy. Monitoring size and consistency helps the nurse in detecting common thyroid issues and determining appropriate interventions for the patient. Pain, pulse rate, character, texture, edema, and movement are not the primary criteria used to assess the thyroid gland.
Question 9 of 9
The nurse reviews documentation on a patient with a long leg cast for a fracture in which the pulses in the foot were decreased and the patient was experiencing a pain rating of 8 on a scale of 0 to 10 during the previous shift. Which additional findings should the nurse immediately report to the healthcare provider? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cyanosis in the foot indicates poor circulation or decreased blood flow to the area, which is concerning in a patient with a long leg cast and decreased pulses. This could signify a significant decrease in oxygenated blood reaching the foot, which could lead to serious complications if not addressed promptly. The nurse should report this finding immediately to the healthcare provider for further assessment and intervention.