During a consultation, a patient asks about the role of estrogen in the menstrual cycle. What is the nurse's best explanation?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Estrogen supports the growth of the uterine lining for implantation. Estrogen plays a key role in the menstrual cycle by stimulating the thickening of the endometrium (uterine lining) to prepare for potential implantation of a fertilized egg. This process occurs during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle. Choice A is incorrect because ovulation is primarily triggered by luteinizing hormone (LH) surge, not estrogen. Choice C is incorrect as estrogen levels decrease during pregnancy, allowing ovulation to occur. Choice D is incorrect because while estrogen and progesterone work together in the menstrual cycle, estrogen does not directly regulate progesterone production.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because both a balanced diet and regular moderate exercise support reproductive health. A balanced diet provides essential nutrients for fertility, while exercise helps regulate hormones and improve overall health, increasing chances of conception. Choice A is incorrect because exercise plays a crucial role in fertility. Choice C is incorrect as weight gain should be based on individual needs, not a general recommendation. Choice D is incorrect as stress management is important for fertility as stress can impact hormone levels and ovulation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: It supports hormonal balance and may improve egg quality and implantation rates. Vitamin D plays a crucial role in reproductive health by supporting hormonal balance, which is essential for the regulation of menstrual cycles and overall reproductive function. Additionally, adequate levels of vitamin D have been associated with improved egg quality and increased success rates of implantation during conception. Incorrect choices: A: Vitamin D is necessary throughout pregnancy, not just during the third trimester. C: Prevention of neural tube defects is mainly linked to folic acid intake, not vitamin D. D: Vitamin D is important for overall health, but it does not eliminate the need for other essential prenatal vitamins that provide a variety of nutrients necessary for a healthy pregnancy.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because timing is crucial in IUI to increase the chance of fertilization. Intrauterine insemination must be done close to ovulation to ensure that the sperm meets the egg for successful conception. Timing is essential to maximize the chances of successful fertilization. Choice A is incorrect because timing is indeed important for the success of IUI. Choice C is incorrect because the implantation window is not related to the timing of IUI. Choice D is incorrect because high sperm quality alone is not sufficient for successful IUI; timing is a critical factor in achieving pregnancy through IUI.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Performing a hysterosalpingogram (HSG) during fertility evaluation helps visualize the fallopian tubes and check for blockages. This is crucial as blocked fallopian tubes can prevent eggs from meeting sperm, leading to infertility. By injecting contrast dye into the uterus and taking X-ray images, doctors can assess tubal patency. This procedure is not aimed at determining ovarian reserve or egg quality (option A), assessing hormone levels (option C), or evaluating sperm motility in the uterine cavity (option D), as these factors are assessed through different tests and procedures.