During a childs seizure, what is the best action for the nurse to take?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Loosen clothing and call for help is best during a seizure, per epilepsy guidelines. It ensursafety and support without leaving the child. Oral meds and tongue bladare unsafe; carrying risks injury. Bs practicality makes itthe correct answer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: S2 . The dura mater is the tough, outermost layer of the meningthat surrounds the brain and spinal cord. In the spinal column, it forms a sac called the dural sac, which extends from the foramen magnum (at the base of the skull) down to approximately the second sacral vertebra (S2) in adults, where it tapers off. Choice A, L2, is incorrect because the dura mater extends beyond the second lumbar vertebra, typically ending lower at S2. Choice B, S1, is closer but still incorrect as the dura mater consistently reachS2. Choice D, S3, is wrong because the dura mater donot extend this far inferiorly; it ends at S2, after which the filum terminale continues. Therefore, S2 accurately reflects the anatomical termination of the dura mater, making C the correct answer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The dura mater end in the second lumbar vertebra , which is incorrect. The dura mater extends to the S2 level in adults, not L2, forming the dural sac. ChoicA, B, and D are correct: at three months fetal age, the spinal cord spans the vertebral canal; at birth, it ends around L3; and postnatally, the vertebral column grows faster, causing the cord to end at L1-L2 in adults. Choice C inaccurately statthe dura mater ends at L2, which is too high; it actually terminatat S2, making C the incorrect statement and thus the correct answer to this select the incorrect question.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Ventral and dorsal roots come together in the intervertebral foramina to form the spinal nervwhich then subsequently branch into ventral and dorsal rami . This accurately describspinal nerve formation: ventral (motor) and dorsal (sensory) roots unite in the intervertebral foramina to form spinal nerves, which then split into rami. Choice A is incorrect (CSF is in the subarachnoid space, not subdural). Choice B is wrong (correct order is dura, arachnoid, pia). Choice C is false (cauda equina includboth ventral and dorsal roots). Thus, D is the only true statement, making it the correct answer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: It is the most common disk . Herniation at the L4 root (typically L3-L4 disc) affects the L4 nerve, impacting knee jerk (via quadriceps, A), sensation in the anteromedial leg , and knee extension , all correct. However, the most common disc herniation is at L5-S1, not L3-L4 or L4-L5, due to greater mechanical stress lower in the spine. Thus, C inaccurately claims L4 is the most common site, making it the wrong statement and the correct answer.