ATI RN
100 Questions on the Cardiovascular System PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
Duration of the absolute period, i.e., when the whole of heart is in diastole is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The absolute refractory period, when the heart is fully relaxed (early diastole) and unresponsive to stimuli, lasts ~0.2 seconds in a typical 0.8-second cardiac cycle (at 75 bpm). It aligns with ventricular relaxation before atrial systole. Other durations are too short or long for this phase.
Question 2 of 5
Identify the chamber of the heart with the thickest wall.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The left ventricle (B) has the thickest wall (~10-15 mm) to pump blood against high systemic resistance (~120 mmHg). The right ventricle (D) is thinner (~4-5 mm) for pulmonary circulation (~25 mmHg), and atria (A, C) are thinnest as they only pump to ventricles.
Question 3 of 5
A heart murmur is due to
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A heart murmur is caused by turbulent blood flow from leaky (incompetent) or stenotic valves (A). Cardiac arrest (B) stops the heart, normal valve action (C) doesn’t cause murmurs, and extra beats (D) are arrhythmias, not murmurs.
Question 4 of 5
During atrial systole, the atria are ___ the ventricles are ___ the AV valves are ___ and the SL valves are ___
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: During atrial systole, atria contract, ventricles relax, AV valves are open (filling ventricles), and semilunar (SL) valves are closed (B). A is ventricular systole, C/D mismatch phases.
Question 5 of 5
The muscular layer of the blood vessel wall is the
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The tunica media (B) is the muscular layer, containing smooth muscle for vasoconstriction/dilation. Tunica externa/adventitia (A, C) is connective tissue, tunica interna (D) is endothelium.