ATI RN
Pharmacology ATI Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
Drugs that acts simultaneously on a mixed group of receptors with an agonist action on one set and with an antagonist action on the other.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Drugs that act simultaneously on a mixed group of receptors with an agonist action on one set and with an antagonist action on the other are termed as mixed agonist-antagonists. These drugs can have a dual effect on different types of receptors within the same system. They can elicit both agonist-like responses at one receptor and antagonist-like responses at another receptor, leading to a mixed overall effect on the system. This unique property makes them different from pure agonists, pure antagonists, or partial agonists which typically have a unidirectional effect on receptors.
Question 2 of 5
Epinephrine is administered to a female patient. The nurse should expect this agent to rapidly affect:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Epinephrine is a potent agonist of adrenergic receptors, which are part of the sympathetic nervous system. It rapidly affects alpha and beta-adrenergic receptors, leading to increased heart rate, vasoconstriction, and bronchodilation. Muscarinic and cholinergic receptors are part of the parasympathetic nervous system and are not directly activated by epinephrine. Nicotinic receptors are found in the neuromuscular junction and autonomic ganglia but are not the primary target of epinephrine. The rapid action of epinephrine makes it a critical drug in emergencies such as anaphylaxis.
Question 3 of 5
Drugs that acts simultaneously on a mixed group of receptors with an agonist action on one set and with an antagonist action on the other.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Drugs that act simultaneously on a mixed group of receptors with an agonist action on one set and with an antagonist action on the other are termed as mixed agonist-antagonists. These drugs can have a dual effect on different types of receptors within the same system. They can elicit both agonist-like responses at one receptor and antagonist-like responses at another receptor, leading to a mixed overall effect on the system. This unique property makes them different from pure agonists, pure antagonists, or partial agonists which typically have a unidirectional effect on receptors.
Question 4 of 5
A client with juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma who is receiving dexamethasone (Decadron) 4mg/IV
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma is a type of brain tumor that can cause neurological symptoms such as changes in cognition and personality. A sudden change in the client no longer recognizing a family member could indicate a worsening of the tumor or potential complications from the treatment with dexamethasone. This change in cognition should raise immediate concern for the nurse as it may signal a decline in the client's neurological status requiring prompt assessment and intervention. The other options are also important to monitor, but the change in cognition is the most concerning as it suggests a more immediate and potentially serious issue.
Question 5 of 5
A client is admitted to the emergency room complaining of difficulty of breathing and upon auscultation, the nurse noted that the patient has wheezes. An allergic reaction to penicillin was
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-agonist bronchodilator commonly used in the treatment of asthma and other respiratory conditions. In this scenario where the patient is experiencing difficulty breathing and wheezing, albuterol is the most appropriate medication to administer first. Albuterol works by relaxing the smooth muscles in the airways, which helps to open up the air passages and improve breathing. It can provide quick relief of symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. In an emergency situation like this, it is crucial to address the underlying airway constriction promptly, making albuterol the priority medication to administer. This will help improve the patient's breathing and stabilize their respiratory status before considering other medications such as corticosteroids or theophylline.