ATI RN
ATI Capstone Pharmacology Assessment 2 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Drugs may be excreted by any route in the body, except:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Saliva is not a common route for drug excretion. Drugs are primarily excreted from the body through various routes such as the kidneys (urine), lungs (exhaled air), gastrointestinal tract (feces), and tears (through the eyes). Saliva does not play a major role in drug excretion, as most drugs are not significantly eliminated through saliva.
Question 2 of 5
A 5-year-old African American patient has been admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit with pheochromocytoma. The physician has ordered phentolamine. The nurse knows that the other indication for phentolamine is what?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phentolamine (Regitine) is used for the prevention of cell death and tissue sloughing after extravasation of intravenous norepinephrine or dopamine, and severe hypertension reactions caused by manipulation of the pheochromocytoma before and during surgery; diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. Phentolamine would not be indicated for treatment of migraine headaches, life-threatening arrhythmias, or heart failure. The nurse should understand the indications for phentolamine to ensure safe and effective administration.
Question 3 of 5
The number of people with hypertension in the United States is estimated to be
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most recent data indicates that approximately 45% of adults in the United States have hypertension. With an estimated total adult population of around 230 million in the U.S., this would mean that roughly 50 million people have hypertension.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is the systemic treatment of choice for female hirsutism?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hirsutism involves excess androgen-driven hair growth. Tamoxifen, an estrogen modulator, treats breast cancer, not hirsutism. Ethinylestradiol reduces androgens via SHBG increase, but alone isn't optimal. Norethisterone, a progestin, may worsen hirsutism. Finasteride blocks 5-alpha-reductase, reducing DHT, but cyproterone, an anti-androgen, directly inhibits androgen receptors and gonadotropin release, the systemic choice for hirsutism (e.g., in PCOS). Its potency targets the root cause, offering effective hair reduction.
Question 5 of 5
A 74-year-old professional golfer has chest pain that occurs toward the end of his golfing games. He says the pain usually goes away after one or two sublingual nitroglycerin tablets and rest. What type of angina is he experiencing?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The 74-year-old professional golfer is likely experiencing Prinzmetal™s angina, also known as variant angina. This type of angina is characterized by episodes of chest pain that occur at rest or during minimal physical exertion. It is caused by a spasm in the coronary arteries, leading to a temporary reduction or cessation of blood flow to the heart muscle. The chest pain associated with Prinzmetal™s angina can be severe and is often relieved by sublingual nitroglycerin, as described by the golfer. Additionally, the fact that the pain occurs towards the end of his golfing games suggests that it may be triggered by stress or exertion, common triggers for coronary artery spasm in Prinzmetal's angina.