Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) can be caused by all the following EXCEPT

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Pediatric Clinical Nurse Specialist Exam Questions Questions

Question 1 of 9

Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) can be caused by all the following EXCEPT

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Allopurinol is not a major cause of DRESS syndrome, whereas anticonvulsants and sulfonamides are common triggers.

Question 2 of 9

Skeeter syndrome is a large local reaction to stinging and biting insects. Of the following, the TRUE statement is

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Skeeter syndrome is a hypersensitivity reaction to mosquito saliva, presenting as exaggerated local swelling and inflammation, often mistaken for infections like erythema nodosum.

Question 3 of 9

Neonatal sepsis case fatality rate is highest for

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Candida albicans has the highest case fatality rate among neonatal sepsis pathogens due to its invasive nature and difficulty in treatment.

Question 4 of 9

The MOST effective therapy for persistent allergic rhinitis is

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Nasal corticosteroids, such as budesonide, are the most effective treatment for persistent allergic rhinitis, reducing inflammation and nasal symptoms more effectively than antihistamines or leukotriene inhibitors.

Question 5 of 9

Early postnatal exposure to dexamethasone, within the 1st wk of life, in VLBW infants, is associated with the following EXCEPT

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Early postnatal dexamethasone is associated with adverse effects such as metabolic derangements, poor growth, and increased infection risk, but it is not directly linked to cerebral palsy. The other options are known risks.

Question 6 of 9

On the second day of life, the patient in Questions and experiences bradycardia and hypotension with cyanosis and a metabolic acidosis Likely diagnoses include (may choose more than one)

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Preterm infants have limited glycogen stores and are at risk of hypoglycemia, which can lead to bradycardia, hypotension, and metabolic acidosis.

Question 7 of 9

The Look-Listen-Feel procedure is used to:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Look-Listen-Feel is a primary assessment step in BLS to check for effective breathing before initiating rescue breaths or CPR.

Question 8 of 9

Nocturnal enuresis is described by all of the following EXCEPT

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Primary nocturnal enuresis is generally not linked to emotional disorders but instead to factors like genetics, bladder capacity, or nighttime urine production.

Question 9 of 9

Which of the following causes metabolic acidosis with a normal anion gap?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Diarrhea leads to metabolic acidosis with a normal anion gap due to excessive bicarbonate loss in stool. This type of acidosis is known as hyperchloremic acidosis, where chloride replaces lost bicarbonate.

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