Drug of choice for drug-induced parkinsonism

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Anticholinergics. Drug-induced parkinsonism is caused by certain medications such as antipsychotics. Anticholinergics help alleviate the symptoms by blocking the activity of acetylcholine, which is increased in parkinsonism. Levodopa and Carbidopa are typically used in Parkinson's disease, not drug-induced parkinsonism. Seligiline is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor used in Parkinson's disease, but not specifically for drug-induced parkinsonism. Therefore, anticholinergics are the drug of choice for drug-induced parkinsonism due to their mechanism of action in blocking acetylcholine.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Inverse agonists bind to the same receptor as an agonist but produce the opposite effect. Beta carbolines act as inverse agonists by decreasing basal activity of GABA receptors. Buspirone is a partial agonist of serotonin receptors. Flumazenil is a benzodiazepine antagonist. Zolpidem is a positive allosteric modulator of GABA receptors.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Prostacyclin is a vasodilator, so it causes vasodilation, not vasoconstriction. 2. Prostacyclin inhibits platelet aggregation, so it does not promote it. 3. Prostacyclin helps decrease blood pressure by promoting vasodilation. 4. Prostacyclin is synthesized from vascular endothelium, making choice D the correct answer. Summary: A: Incorrect - Prostacyclin causes vasodilation, not vasoconstriction. B: Incorrect - Prostacyclin inhibits platelet aggregation, not promotes it. C: Incorrect - Prostacyclin helps decrease blood pressure, not increase it. D: Correct - Prostacyclin is synthesized from vascular endothelium.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Chills. The four classic signs of inflammation are warmth, redness, swelling, and pain. Chills are not a direct result of inflammation but rather a response to fever or infection. Warmth, redness, and swelling are caused by increased blood flow to the affected area, leading to dilation of blood vessels and leakage of fluid into the tissues. Chills typically occur as a response to a systemic infection and are not specific to inflammation at a localized site.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Platelet aggregation is a complex process involving various mediators. Prostaglandins and thromboxane are both derived from arachidonic acid and play crucial roles. Thromboxane promotes platelet aggregation by stimulating vasoconstriction and platelet activation. Prostaglandins also contribute to platelet aggregation by enhancing thromboxane synthesis and promoting platelet adhesion. Prostacyclin, on the other hand, inhibits platelet aggregation by inducing vasodilation and inhibiting platelet activation. Therefore, the correct answer is D, as both prostaglandins and thromboxane promote platelet aggregation. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not capture the dual role of prostaglandins and thromboxane in platelet aggregation.