ATI RN
Principles of Pharmacology Questions
Question 1 of 5
Drug antagonism is best defined as an effect of a drug that:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because drug antagonism refers to the situation where one drug diminishes the effect of another drug when taken together. This occurs when the drugs have opposing actions on the body or compete for the same receptors. In contrast: A: Major physiological psychological dependence is related to addiction, not drug antagonism. B: The modification of drug effects by concurrent administration of another drug is known as drug interaction, not antagonism. C: The ability to be metabolized before another dose is administered is not related to drug antagonism.
Question 2 of 5
Drugs that use CYP 3A4 isoenzymes for metabolism may:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Drugs metabolized by CYP 3A4 can induce its own metabolism, increasing clearance. Step 2: This induction can also affect other drugs metabolized by CYP 3A4, leading to decreased levels. Step 3: Therefore, choice A is correct. Step 4: Additionally, if CYP 3A4 is inhibited by a drug, it can lead to decreased metabolism of other drugs. Step 5: This inhibition can result in increased levels of the affected drugs. Step 6: Hence, choice B is also correct. Step 7: Combining the effects of induction and inhibition, both choices A and B are true, making choice C the correct answer.
Question 3 of 5
During a medication review session, a patient states, “I do not know why I am taking all of these pills.” Based on this piece of subjective data, which problem will the nurse identify?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Knowledge. The patient's statement indicates a lack of understanding about their medications. This can lead to non-adherence, mismanagement, or harm. Pain (A), fatigue (C), and anxiety (D) are not directly related to the patient's lack of knowledge about their medications. Pain and fatigue may be addressed separately, while anxiety may be a result of the patient's confusion but is not the primary issue identified by the nurse in this scenario.
Question 4 of 5
When developing an individualized medication teaching plan, which topics will the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: A is correct because adherence to the prescribed drug regimen is crucial for treatment success. It ensures the patient takes the right dose at the right time. B is incorrect as different drugs may have different routes of administration. C is incorrect as not all side effects need to be reported. D is incorrect as doubling a missed dose can be dangerous and should not be advised.
Question 5 of 5
The research nurse is meeting with a patient and determines, based on the assessment, that the patient meets inclusion criteria for clinical research. The patient agrees to participate in the clinical trial. The nurse advises the patient that which member of the health care team has the responsibility to explain the study and respond to questions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Health care provider. The health care provider, typically the physician or principal investigator, is responsible for explaining the study details and addressing any questions the patient may have. As the primary individual overseeing the patient's care and treatment, the health care provider is best equipped to provide comprehensive information about the research study. Registered nurses (choice A) may assist in conveying information, but the ultimate responsibility lies with the health care provider. Pharmacists (choice B) play a crucial role in medication management but are not typically involved in explaining research studies. Research associates (choice C) may aid in study coordination but do not have the same level of medical expertise as the health care provider.