Dr. Jones prescribes corticosteroids for a child with nephritic syndrome. What is the primary purpose of administering corticosteroids to this child?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Corticosteroids are commonly used to reduce inflammation in various conditions, including nephritic syndrome. In nephritic syndrome, there is inflammation in the glomeruli of the kidneys, leading to symptoms such as proteinuria, hematuria, and reduced kidney function. Corticosteroids work by suppressing this inflammatory response, which helps alleviate the symptoms and improve kidney function in patients with nephritic syndrome. Administering corticosteroids to this child aims to reduce the inflammation in the kidneys, thereby improving their condition.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When caring for someone with a seizure disorder like Janae, the highest priority is ensuring their immediate safety and protection from injury during a seizure. This includes preventing falls, removing nearby hazards, and providing support during and after the seizure. Assessing for signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure is also important as it may indicate a serious complication requiring prompt medical attention. On the other hand, educating the family about anticonvulsant therapy, while important for long-term management, is considered a lower priority compared to the immediate safety and medical assessment needs of Janae during a seizure episode.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Osteogenesis imperfecta, also known as brittle bone disease, is a genetic disorder that affects collagen production, leading to brittle and easily fractured bones. In addition to bone fragility, individuals with osteogenesis imperfecta may also experience teeth abnormalities such as dentinogenesis imperfecta (discolored and weakened teeth) and ligament laxity due to the improper development of connective tissues. This incomplete development of teeth, bones, and ligaments is a characteristic feature of osteogenesis imperfecta, making it the correct choice in this scenario. Congenital hip dysplasia, Duchenne's muscular dystrophy, and osteomyelitis do not typically involve the same constellation of symptoms related to teeth, bones, and ligaments seen in osteogenesis imperfecta.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of a pediatric patient diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux (GER), the inappropriate nursing diagnosis among the options provided is B) Impaired oral mucous membrane. This is because GER primarily involves the reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus and potentially the mouth, rather than directly affecting the oral mucous membranes. A) Risk for aspiration is a relevant nursing diagnosis for a patient with GER, as the refluxed gastric contents can potentially be aspirated into the lungs, leading to respiratory complications. C) Deficient fluid volume is also a pertinent nursing diagnosis due to the potential for frequent regurgitation and vomiting in patients with GER, which can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. D) Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements is another appropriate nursing diagnosis because GER can lead to feeding difficulties, poor weight gain, and inadequate nutrient intake in pediatric patients. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind selecting the correct nursing diagnosis in a specific clinical scenario like GER helps nurses provide targeted and effective care to pediatric patients. By analyzing each option critically, nurses can develop clinical reasoning skills and make informed decisions to optimize patient outcomes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Sibling of Baby Angie who died of SIDS is the least probable to develop sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) among the given choices. This is because siblings of infants who have died of SIDS are at a higher risk themselves due to potential genetic or environmental factors. Research suggests that siblings of infants who died of SIDS are at an increased risk compared to the general population, indicating a possible genetic predisposition or shared environmental influences. It is crucial for parents and caregivers of these siblings to take extra precautions and follow safe sleep practices to reduce the risk of SIDS.