ATI RN
Questions on the Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Dr. Jones prescribes albuterol sulfate (Proventil) for a patient with newly diagnosed asthma. When teaching the patient about this drug, the nurse should explain that it may cause:40:40H272:382:422:412:402:422:402:38
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Nervousness. Albuterol sulfate is a bronchodilator commonly used to treat asthma. It works by relaxing the muscles in the airways, making it easier to breathe. Nervousness is a common side effect of albuterol due to its stimulant properties. Nasal congestion (Choice A) is not a typical side effect of albuterol. Lethargy (Choice C) is also not a common side effect, as albuterol typically has a stimulating effect. Hyperkalemia (Choice D) is not associated with albuterol use.
Question 2 of 5
A male client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is recovering from a myocardial infarction. Because the client is extremely weak and can't produce an effective cough, the nurse should monitor closely for:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Atelectasis. In a client with COPD recovering from a myocardial infarction, the weakened state and ineffective cough can lead to the collapse of alveoli, causing atelectasis. This condition can further impair gas exchange and oxygenation, leading to respiratory distress. Monitoring for atelectasis is crucial to prevent complications. Pleural effusion (A) and pulmonary edema (B) are not directly related to the client's condition and symptoms. Oxygen toxicity (D) is a potential concern with high oxygen therapy but is not the most immediate risk for this client scenario.
Question 3 of 5
When the nurse reads the diagnosis of centrilobar emphysema, the nurse recognizes that this type of emphysema is characterized by:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because centrilobar emphysema is characterized by enlarged and broken down bronchioles with intact alveoli. This type of emphysema primarily affects the respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts in the upper lung lobes. The other choices are incorrect because: A) Significant smoking history is usually present in patients with centrilobar emphysema. C) Hypoelastic bronchi and bronchioles are not characteristic of centrilobar emphysema. D) Deficiency of the enzyme inhibitor alpha-1 antitrypsin is associated with a different type of emphysema called panlobar emphysema, not centrilobar emphysema.
Question 4 of 5
The lungs move easily within their protective sacs due to
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: intrapleural fluid. Intrapleural fluid reduces friction between the lungs and the chest wall, allowing them to move easily during breathing. This fluid creates a lubricated surface that facilitates smooth movement. Leaking plasma (B) and mucus (D) do not provide the necessary lubrication for lung movement. Blood (C) plays a role in oxygen exchange but does not directly contribute to the ease of lung movement within the pleural sacs.
Question 5 of 5
Carbonic anhydrase
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Carbonic anhydrase catalyzes the reversible reaction between carbon dioxide and water to form carbonic acid, which then dissociates into bicarbonate and hydrogen ions. It is indeed found in red blood cells, aiding in CO2 transport. Therefore, all the statements are true, making option D the correct answer.