Dopamine intravenous infusion is used in the treatment of:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Diarrhea. Atropine is an anticholinergic drug that typically causes dry mouth, tachycardia, and blurred vision as side effects due to its mechanism of blocking acetylcholine receptors. However, diarrhea is not a common side effect of atropine. It is important to differentiate the expected side effects of a drug from those that are not commonly associated with it based on its pharmacological actions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone that activates the fight-or-flight response. It causes bronchial muscle relaxation (A), increases cardiac contractility (B), and increases sweat secretion (D) to prepare the body for action. However, adrenaline inhibits intestinal motility (C) to conserve energy for vital functions during stressful situations. Therefore, the correct answer is C because adrenaline does not increase intestinal motility. Relaxation of bronchial muscle, increased cardiac contractility, and increased sweat secretion are all effects of adrenaline, making choices A, B, and D incorrect, respectively.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: - Noradrenaline stimulates both α and β receptors, leading to increased heart rate and vasoconstriction. - It does not decrease heart rate; it actually increases heart rate due to its actions on β receptors. - Noradrenaline causes vasoconstriction by activating α receptors, leading to increased blood pressure. - The incorrect statement is C, as noradrenaline actually increases blood pressure by causing vasoconstriction.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step 1: Atropine is an anticholinergic drug that blocks muscarinic receptors. Step 2: Blocking muscarinic receptors in the eye leads to dilation of the pupil, known as mydriasis. Step 3: Therefore, the correct answer is D, as atropine indeed produces mydriasis. Summary: A is incorrect because atropine is not a neuromuscular blocker. B is incorrect as atropine actually induces tachycardia. C is incorrect as atropine inhibits GIT motility and secretion.