ATI RN
Cardiovascular Drugs Quiz Questions
Question 1 of 5
Dopamine in high doses influences mainly the:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because dopamine in high doses primarily acts on alpha-adrenoreceptors, leading to peripheral vasoconstriction. This is known as the "pressor effect" of dopamine. Dopamine does not directly act on its own receptors (choice B) for vasodilation. While dopamine can also stimulate beta-1 adrenoreceptors (choice C) to enhance cardiac output, this is not the main effect in high doses. Choice D is incorrect because dopamine primarily influences alpha-adrenoreceptors, not all of the listed receptors.
Question 2 of 5
Glucocorticoids are hormonal steroids:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Glucocorticoids are a class of hormonal steroids. Step 2: They have important effects on intermediary metabolism, cardiovascular function, growth, and immunity. Step 3: Glucocorticoids also have salt-retaining activity. Step 4: Some glucocorticoids may exhibit androgenic or estrogenic activity. Therefore, the correct answer is D, as all the statements in choices A, B, and C are true regarding the characteristics of glucocorticoids. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because glucocorticoids are not limited to just one specific function or activity.
Question 3 of 5
Anaphylactic shock is a severe, sometimes fatal allergic reaction characterized by a sharp drop in blood pressure, urticaria, and breathing difficulties that is caused by exposure to a foreign substance, such as a drug or bee venom, after preliminary or sensitizing exposure. This consideration is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because anaphylactic shock is indeed a severe allergic reaction characterized by a drop in blood pressure, urticaria, and breathing difficulties triggered by exposure to an allergen after previous sensitizing exposure. This description matches the definition of anaphylactic shock, making the statement true. The other choices are incorrect because stating it is false (B), all encompassing (C), or none of the above (D) does not align with the specific characteristics and causes of anaphylactic shock.
Question 4 of 5
Hypovitaminosis is an insufficiency of one or more essential vitamins. This consideration is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice A is correct: 1. Hypovitaminosis is defined as an insufficient level of essential vitamins in the body. 2. Therefore, it is true that hypovitaminosis represents an inadequacy of one or more essential vitamins. 3. This condition can lead to various health issues due to the deficiency of vital nutrients. 4. Choice B is incorrect as it contradicts the definition of hypovitaminosis. 5. Choices C and D are also incorrect as they do not accurately reflect the definition of hypovitaminosis.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following enzymes improves GIT functions (replacement therapy):
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pepsin. Pepsin is an enzyme that aids in the digestion of proteins in the stomach, improving gastrointestinal (GIT) functions. It breaks down proteins into smaller peptides for absorption. Urokinase is a thrombolytic enzyme used to dissolve blood clots, not related to GIT functions. L-asparaginase is used in cancer treatment by depleting asparagine, not for GIT functions. Lydaze is an enzyme used to break down bacterial cell walls, also unrelated to GIT functions. Therefore, the correct choice is pepsin as it directly enhances GIT functions by aiding in protein digestion.