Distribution of alfa adrenoreceptor subtypes is associated with all of the following tissues except those of:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Heart. Alpha adrenoreceptor subtypes are mainly associated with smooth muscle tissues, not cardiac muscle like the heart. Alpha-1 receptors are present in blood vessels, prostate, and pupillary dilator muscle, helping in vasoconstriction, ejaculation, and pupil dilation respectively. Alpha-2 receptors are also found in these tissues, modulating neurotransmitter release and smooth muscle contraction. The heart primarily contains beta adrenoreceptor subtypes, which regulate heart rate and contractility. Therefore, the distribution of alpha adrenoreceptor subtypes is not associated with the heart.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Flurazepam. Flurazepam is a benzodiazepine derivative because it contains a benzodiazepine ring structure in its chemical composition. Benzodiazepines are a class of drugs commonly used as hypnotics due to their sedative and hypnotic effects. Zolpidem (A) is a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic drug, while Secobarbital (C) and Phenobarbitone (D) are barbiturates, not benzodiazepines. Benzodiazepines are preferred over barbiturates for hypnotic use due to their lower risk of respiratory depression and overdose.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Diazepam. Diazepam is the most effective drug for stopping generalized tonic-clonic status epilepticus in adults due to its rapid onset of action and ability to terminate seizures quickly. It works by enhancing the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA in the brain, suppressing seizure activity. Lamotrigine (A) is not recommended for acute seizure control. Ethosuximide (B) is used for absence seizures, not generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Zonisamide (D) has a slower onset of action and is not the first-line treatment for status epilepticus.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Carbidopa is a peripheral dopa decarboxylase inhibitor. It does not cross the blood-brain barrier and prevents the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the periphery, increasing levodopa availability in the brain. Tolcapone and Selegiline are central nervous system dopaminergic agents. Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic used in schizophrenia.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Morphine is the correct choice because it is a potent opioid that acts as a vasodilator and reduces preload and afterload, making it beneficial in acute pulmonary edema by improving oxygenation and reducing anxiety. Codeine is a weaker opioid and not as effective in managing acute pulmonary edema. Fentanyl is a potent opioid but lacks the vasodilator effects of morphine. Loperamide is an opioid used for diarrhea and has no role in treating acute pulmonary edema.