Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (D.O.T.S.) can do all of the following except:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Require hospitalization. D.O.T.S. is an outpatient treatment strategy for tuberculosis. Hospitalization is not a requirement for D.O.T.S. as patients receive medication under direct observation in a community setting. This approach helps to ensure medication adherence, stops resistance to anti-TB drugs, cures TB patients, and prevents new infections among children and adults. In summary, D.O.T.S. does not involve hospitalization and is an effective outpatient strategy for TB treatment.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: Choice B is correct because the partograph is a tool used for monitoring labor progress in all pregnant women, not just in specific cases. It is essential for early detection of complications. Choice A is incorrect as the partograph should be used from the onset of labor regardless of the cervical dilation. Choice C is incorrect as the cervical dilation should be plotted in centimeters, not using 'x'. Choice D is incorrect as referral should be based on the overall assessment of the labor progress, not solely on reaching the action line on the partograph.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Barangay health workers. Traditional birth attendants or healers are considered as barangay health workers as they provide healthcare services within the community at the grassroots level. They play a vital role in promoting maternal and child health. Choice A is incorrect because traditional birth attendants or healers do fall under a specific classification within the healthcare system. Choice B is incorrect as intermediate level health workers typically have more advanced training and roles compared to traditional birth attendants or healers. Choice D is incorrect as not all traditional birth attendants or healers can be classified as all the categories mentioned.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hospital management. Public health services focus on preventing diseases and promoting community well-being, which do not directly involve managing individual healthcare institutions like hospitals. Control of communicable diseases, environmental sanitation, and health education are examples of public health services as they involve disease prevention, creating healthy environments, and educating the public on health-related issues. Hospital management, on the other hand, pertains to the administration and operation of healthcare facilities, which is not a core function of public health services.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Target Client list. In a health service information system, the target client list is the fundamental block or foundation. It serves as a comprehensive database of individuals who are the focus of the services provided. It helps in identifying, tracking, and managing the health information of clients. Family treatment record (A) is more specific and focuses on individual treatment within a family rather than the overall system foundation. Reporting forms (C) are tools for collecting data but not the foundational block. Output record (D) is a result of the system's processes, not the fundamental block. The target client list is essential for effective service delivery and resource allocation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, a health deficit is defined as a gap between an individual's actual health status and their achievable health status. This means that there is a discrepancy between where their health currently stands and where it could potentially be with proper interventions or changes. A is incorrect because it refers to conditions that promote disease or injury, not specifically related to the individual's health status. B is incorrect as it focuses on health problems that can be alleviated, which may not necessarily reflect a health deficit. D is incorrect as it involves the illness of a family member, which is not directly related to the individual's own health status.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Morbidity. Morbidity specifically refers to statistics related to illnesses and diseases. Vital statistics (A) typically refer to data related to births, deaths, marriages, and divorces. Statistics (B) is a general term that encompasses various types of data analysis. Mortality (D) specifically refers to statistics related to deaths. Therefore, C is the most appropriate choice in this context.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Public health nurse. Public health nurse specifically refers to nurses working in local/national health departments or public schools, focusing on promoting and protecting the health of communities. Choice A, public health nursing, is a broader term encompassing various nursing roles in public health settings. Choices C and D, registered midwives and registered nurses, do not specifically indicate nurses working in public health departments or schools.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Tertiary prevention aims at reducing the impact of an already established disease. Physical therapy falls under tertiary prevention as it helps improve function and quality of life in individuals with existing health conditions. Vaccination (A) is an example of primary prevention, screening for cancer (B) is secondary prevention, and health education (D) can be part of primary or secondary prevention but not specific to tertiary prevention.