ATI RN
Pediatric Nursing Exam Preparation Questions
Question 1 of 5
Dilutional hyponatremia is present in:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Dilutional hyponatremia occurs when there is excessive water retention relative to sodium. Conditions like heart failure cause fluid overload, leading to a dilution of serum sodium.
Question 2 of 5
The outpatient management of a minor burn (first or second degree) involving less than 10% body surface area could include all of the following EXCEPT
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prophylactic penicillin is not typically used in minor burns unless there is a specific infection risk, as it can promote antibiotic resistance.
Question 3 of 5
One of the following can cause thrombocytopenia with decreased megakaryocytes in bone marrow:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aplastic anemia leads to a decrease in all blood cell lines, including megakaryocytes, unlike ITP and DIC, where platelet destruction occurs peripherally.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is the primary cause of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Neonatal RDS results from surfactant deficiency in preterm infants, leading to alveolar collapse and impaired gas exchange. Surfactant replacement therapy and respiratory support improve survival.
Question 5 of 5
A pathological murmur is suspected in the presence of one of the following auscultatory findings
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A click suggests structural heart disease, such as aortic or pulmonary stenosis. Pathological murmurs are often associated with abnormal heart sounds, unlike benign murmurs that change with position or respiration.