Differentiate between a public health approach and the clinical medicine approach

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Public health emphasizes prevention, clinical medicine focuses on treatment. Public health aims to prevent diseases and promote health at a population level through interventions like vaccination campaigns and health education. Clinical medicine, on the other hand, is centered on diagnosing and treating individual patients' illnesses. This key difference highlights the primary focus of each approach: prevention for public health and treatment for clinical medicine. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately capture the fundamental distinction between these two approaches.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step 1: Rising healthcare costs (Choice A) motivated the need for healthcare reform. Step 2: Demand for universal healthcare (Choice A) supported the push for the ACA. Step 3: Political push for healthcare reform (Choice B) played a crucial role in passing the ACA. Step 4: Public demand for accessible coverage (Choice B) influenced policymakers. Step 5: Factors like the increasing number of uninsured (Choice C) and focus on healthcare quality (Choice C) were important but not the primary driving forces like rising costs and political push. Step 6: Combining A and B (Choice D) covers the key factors comprehensively, making it the correct choice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The ACA reduces overall healthcare costs through provisions like subsidies and Medicaid expansion, improving access for many. It also includes measures to control costs and promote preventive care. Choice A is incorrect because the ACA aims to reduce overall costs, not just shift the burden. Choice C is incorrect as the ACA does not directly impact provider reimbursements. Choice D is incorrect since the ACA aims to increase access for uninsured individuals through Medicaid expansion and insurance marketplaces.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lower reimbursements due to cost-containment measures. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) focused on reducing healthcare costs, which often resulted in lower reimbursements for providers. This was achieved through various cost-containment measures such as value-based payments and penalties for excessive readmissions. Increased reimbursements (choice A) would contradict the goal of cost reduction. Choice C is incorrect as the ACA did not mandate government-funded care only. Choice D is also incorrect as the ACA did have a significant impact on healthcare providers' financials, especially in terms of reimbursement rates.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the main goals of the ACA (Affordable Care Act) are to improve patient care by promoting preventive services, enhance insurance coverage by expanding Medicaid and creating health insurance exchanges, and reduce costs through measures like accountable care organizations. Incorrect choices: B: Eliminating private insurance and increasing government control is not a goal of the ACA. C: Increasing healthcare spending and reducing government involvement are not primary goals of the ACA. D: The ACA aims to focus on preventive care and overall healthcare quality, not just emergency care and hospitalization.