Dietary teaching that includes dietary sources of potassium is indicated for the hypertensive patient taking which drug?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, meaning it helps retain potassium in the body. Hypertensive patients taking spironolactone may experience potassium loss, making dietary teaching on potassium sources crucial to prevent hypokalemia. Enalapril, Labetalol, and Hydrochlorothiazide do not directly affect potassium levels, so dietary teaching about potassium is not as essential for patients taking these medications.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because transmyocardial laser revascularization (TMR) involves using a laser to create channels between the left ventricular cavity and coronary circulation, improving blood flow to ischemic areas. This procedure is used to treat refractory angina in patients who are not candidates for traditional revascularization procedures. A is incorrect as TMR does not involve using a structure to hold vessels open. B is incorrect as TMR does not necessarily require anticoagulation following the procedure. D is incorrect as TMR does not involve the surgical construction of new vessels. In summary, TMR involves creating channels with a laser to improve blood flow, making option C the correct choice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Arterial aneurysm. Aneurysms are abnormal bulges or ballooning in the walls of arteries. They can occur in any artery in the body. Arterial aneurysms are the most common type and can be further classified based on their shape and location. Venous aneurysms (B) occur in veins, not arteries. Dissecting aneurysms (C) involve a tear in the inner layer of the artery wall, causing blood to flow between the layers. Fusiform aneurysms (D) are a type of arterial aneurysm characterized by a uniform dilation of the entire circumference of the artery.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C (Both A and B) because Jones criteria for the diagnosis of Rheumatic fever include carditis (inflammation of the heart) and erythema marginatum (a skin rash). Carditis is a major criteria and erythema marginatum is a minor criteria. Therefore, both A and B are essential components of the Jones criteria for diagnosing Rheumatic fever. Choice A (Carditis) alone is incorrect as it does not encompass the full criteria, and Choice B (Erythema marginatum) alone is also incorrect as it is just a minor criteria. Choice D (None of the above) is incorrect as the correct answer is a combination of both carditis and erythema marginatum.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: bed rest. Bed rest is crucial for managing thrombophlebitis to prevent further clot formation and reduce the risk of complications. Movement can dislodge blood clots, leading to embolism. Analgesics (A) may help with pain but do not address the underlying issue. Anticoagulants (B) are used to prevent clot formation but do not directly manage pain. Exercise (C) can worsen thrombophlebitis by increasing the risk of clot dislodgment. Thus, bed rest is the most appropriate option for pain management in thrombophlebitis.