ATI RN
The Hematologic System ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
Diagnostic testing has resulted in a diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in an adult patient who is otherwise healthy. The patient and the care team have collaborated and the patient will soon begin induction therapy. The nurse should prepare the patient for which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: An aggressive course of chemotherapy. For AML, induction therapy typically involves aggressive chemotherapy to achieve remission. This approach aims to rapidly reduce the number of leukemia cells in the body. Targeted treatment medications are not the standard first-line therapy for AML. Radiation therapy is not commonly used as a primary treatment for AML. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is usually considered after achieving remission with chemotherapy as a consolidation therapy. Therefore, preparing the patient for an aggressive course of chemotherapy aligns with the standard treatment approach for AML.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic stable angina. The nurse should identify that which of the following drugs inhibits the action of adenosine diphosphate receptors (ADP) on platelets and can be prescribed to reduce the client's risk for myocardial infarction?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clopidogrel is the correct answer because it inhibits the action of ADP receptors on platelets, reducing platelet aggregation and the risk of myocardial infarction. Heparin works by inhibiting clotting factors, Warfarin interferes with vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, and Alteplase is a thrombolytic drug that dissolves blood clots. None of these drugs target ADP receptors specifically like Clopidogrel does.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin factor VIII therapy to treat hemophilia A. When administering factor VIII, which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Having emergency equipment ready is crucial when administering factor VIII therapy for hemophilia A due to the risk of potential allergic reactions or adverse events. The nurse should be prepared to manage any complications promptly. Administering the powdered form orally (A) is incorrect as factor VIII is typically given intravenously. Premedicating with aspirin (B) is contraindicated as aspirin can increase the risk of bleeding in hemophilia patients. Administering it via rapid IV bolus (C) is also unsafe as it can cause adverse reactions and should be infused slowly.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin therapy with recombinant factor IX to treat hemophilia B. The client asks the nurse about the risk of disease transmission with recombinant factor IX as compared with plasma derived factor IX. The nurse should explain that the recombinant factor IX practically eliminates the risk for which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is C: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). Recombinant factor IX is produced synthetically in a laboratory, eliminating the risk of transmitting prion diseases like CJD. Plasma-derived products, on the other hand, carry a theoretical risk of transmitting CJD due to potential contamination. HIV and cytomegalovirus can be transmitted through blood products, but both plasma-derived and recombinant factor IX are rigorously tested for these viruses. Anaphylaxis is a potential risk with any factor IX product, regardless of the source. Therefore, the nurse should explain to the client that recombinant factor IX practically eliminates the risk of CJD transmission compared to plasma-derived factor IX.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is administering epoetin intravenously to a client who has renal failure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer via IV bolus over 1 to 3 min. This route and method of administration is appropriate for epoetin to ensure proper absorption and effect. Shaking the vial (A) can denature the drug. Diluting with D5W (C) is not recommended as it may alter the drug's effectiveness. Saving the used vial for the next dose (D) is unsafe and violates infection control practices.