ATI RN
Community and Public Health Nursing Evidence for Practice Questions
Question 1 of 5
Diagnosis of leprosy is highly dependent on recognition of symptoms. Which of the following is an early sign of leprosy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Thickened painful nerves. Early sign of leprosy includes thickened painful nerves due to inflammation and damage to the peripheral nerves caused by the bacteria. This is known as leprosy's hallmark symptom, which is crucial for diagnosis. Macular lesions (A) and sinking of the nose bridge (D) are more commonly associated with other skin conditions or nasal deformities, not specific to leprosy. Inability to close eyelids (B) is a late sign of leprosy known as lagophthalmos, occurring after nerve damage has progressed significantly.
Question 2 of 5
When residents obtain water from an artesian well in the neighborhood, the level of this approved type of water facility is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: II. Artesian wells are classified as type II water facilities, which are groundwater sources that are protected from surface contamination. This classification is based on the level of protection and vulnerability of the water source. Type I facilities are surface water sources, while type III and IV facilities have varying degrees of protection and vulnerability. Therefore, when residents obtain water from an artesian well, it falls under type II classification due to its groundwater source and protection from surface contamination.
Question 3 of 5
Which biological used in EPI should not be stored in the freezer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: OPV. Oral Polio Vaccine should not be stored in the freezer because freezing temperatures can damage the live attenuated virus in the vaccine, reducing its effectiveness. Other choices, such as DPT, Measles vaccine, and MMR, are typically stored in the refrigerator, as freezing can lead to loss of potency in these vaccines as well. It is crucial to follow proper storage guidelines to maintain the efficacy of vaccines and ensure optimal protection against diseases.
Question 4 of 5
In IMCI, severe conditions generally require urgent referral to a hospital. Which of the following severe conditions Does not always require urgent referral to hospital?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why answer A is correct: 1. Mastoiditis is an infection of the mastoid bone behind the ear. 2. Severe mastoiditis may require hospitalization but not always urgent. 3. Other options like severe dehydration, pneumonia, and febrile disease usually need urgent hospital referral. Summary: Mastoiditis may not always necessitate immediate hospital referral compared to the other severe conditions listed.
Question 5 of 5
A 3-year old child was brought by his mother to the health center because of fever of 4-day duration. The child had a positive tourniquet test result. In the absence of other signs, which of the most appropriate measure that the PHN may carry out to prevent Dengue shock syndrome?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Instruct the mother to give the child Oresol. For a 3-year-old child with a positive tourniquet test and fever, the most appropriate initial measure to prevent Dengue shock syndrome is oral rehydration therapy with Oresol. This is because maintaining hydration is crucial in Dengue fever management. Inserting an NGT and giving fluids per NGT (choice A) is invasive and not necessary at this point. Starting the patient on IV Stat (choice C) is too aggressive for a stable child with no signs of shock. Referring the client to the physician (choice D) is not the first step in management and can delay necessary interventions. Oral rehydration therapy is simple, effective, and helps prevent dehydration in children with Dengue fever.