Diabetes insipidus or diabetes mellitus would most likely be indicated by ________.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Polyuria (excess urine) marks diabetes insipidus (ADH lack) and mellitus (glucose diuresis) not anuria (none), oliguria (low), or none. This links conditions to output, key for diagnosis, contrasting with reduced flow.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Increased BP triggers ANP release not decreased BP or Na+ changes alone. This links pressure to natriuresis, critical for volume control, contrasting with low-pressure signals.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: JG cells and macula densa form the JGA not pelvis, nephron (whole), or sinus. This specifies RAAS structure, critical for pressure, contrasting with broader terms.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Descending loop reabsorbs water osmotically not Na+, H+, or K+ (ascending/DCT). This specifies concentrating role, critical for gradient, contrasting with ion processes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Chlorthiazide is a thiazide not loop diuretic (others are). This distinguishes diuretic class, critical for pharmacology, contrasting with loop agents.