ATI RN
Chapter 14 Nutrition and Fluid Balance Workbook Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
Diabetes insipidus often leads to hypertonicity of the body fluids.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diabetes insipidus causes excessive urination leading to dehydration and increased concentration of body fluids. This results in hypertonicity, making choice A true. Choice B is incorrect as it contradicts the physiological response to diabetes insipidus. Choices C and D are not applicable as they do not provide any relevant information.
Question 2 of 5
The dissociation constant represents the fact that an individual acid always dissociates to the same extent.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, FALSE. The dissociation constant (Ka) represents the extent to which an acid dissociates into its ions in solution. It varies depending on the specific acid and its concentration. Therefore, it is not true that an individual acid always dissociates to the same extent. Choice A is incorrect because it incorrectly states that it is true. Choices C and D are not applicable in this context.
Question 3 of 5
The protein and phosphate buffer systems both contribute to buffering of the ICF.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The protein and phosphate buffer systems contribute to buffering of the intracellular fluid (ICF) by regulating pH levels. Proteins contain ionizable groups that can act as buffers by accepting or donating protons. Phosphate buffer system also helps maintain intracellular pH by converting H2PO4- to HPO4^2-, adjusting pH levels. These systems work together to prevent drastic changes in pH within cells. This makes choice A true. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not provide any explanation or reasoning related to the buffering capacity of the protein and phosphate buffer systems in the intracellular fluid.
Question 4 of 5
The buffering abilities of the kidneys are more powerful than the respiratory system, because the kidneys can work to completely restore pH to normal.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is B (FALSE) because while kidneys play a crucial role in regulating pH balance by excreting or reabsorbing bicarbonate ions, they are not as rapid as the respiratory system in adjusting pH levels. The respiratory system can rapidly adjust pH by altering breathing rate and depth. Therefore, the statement that kidneys can completely restore pH to normal is inaccurate. This is because kidneys are slower acting and may not be able to fully compensate for significant pH imbalances in a short period of time. Other choices (A, C, D) are not applicable as they do not provide a relevant response to the question.
Question 5 of 5
Basic phosphate is secreted by the kidney tubular cells to buffer hydrogen ion when the tubular fluid becomes too
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: FALSE. Basic phosphate is not secreted by kidney tubular cells to buffer hydrogen ions. Instead, the kidney tubules primarily secrete hydrogen ions and reabsorb bicarbonate ions to maintain acid-base balance. Choice A is not applicable, and choices C and D are placeholders. In summary, basic phosphate is not involved in buffering hydrogen ions in the kidney tubules.