Determine the obstetric history of a patient in her fifth pregnancy who has had two spontaneous abortions in the first trimester, one infant at 32 weeks' gestation, and one infant at 38 weeks' gestation.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rationale for Answer D (G5 T1 P1 A2 L2): - G (Gravida): The patient is in her fifth pregnancy - T (Term births): She has had one infant at 38 weeks' gestation - P (Preterm births): She has had one infant at 32 weeks' gestation - A (Abortions): She has had two spontaneous abortions in the first trimester - L (Living children): She has 2 living children Summary of other choices: - A: Incorrect as it states 2 living children, which is not accurate - B: Incorrect as it only accounts for one abortion and one living child - C: Incorrect as it indicates no living children, which is not true based on the given information Therefore, Answer D is the correct option based on the patient's obstetric history.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: C is correct because when a patient with an IUD in place has a positive pregnancy test, the IUD should be removed to avoid complications such as ectopic pregnancy, miscarriage, or infection. Leaving the IUD in place can increase the risk of adverse outcomes for both the mother and the fetus. Removing the IUD allows for safer management of the pregnancy and reduces potential harm. Summary: A: Incorrect. Fetal damage is not inevitable, and a therapeutic abortion is not the immediate action required in this situation. B: Incorrect. Hormonal analyses are not the priority when a positive pregnancy test with an IUD in place is detected. D: Incorrect. Leaving the IUD in place can lead to complications and is not the recommended course of action.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B (2 weeks) because for a healthy primigravida at 28 weeks gestation, it is recommended to schedule prenatal visits every 2 weeks during the third trimester. This frequency allows for closer monitoring of both the mother and the baby's well-being as they near the delivery date. Option A (1 week) is too frequent and unnecessary for a healthy pregnancy at this stage. Option C (3 weeks) and Option D (4 weeks) are too far apart and may not provide adequate monitoring and support during the critical final weeks of pregnancy.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dick-Read method. This method emphasizes relaxation and controlled breathing to reduce fear and pain during childbirth. Slow abdominal breathing in early labor helps maintain calmness, while rapid chest breathing in advanced labor assists in coping with intense contractions. The Dick-Read method's focus on the mind-body connection and natural childbirth aligns with preventing the fear-tension-pain cycle. Summary: A: Bradley method emphasizes partner-coached childbirth. B: Lamaze method focuses on breathing techniques and relaxation. C: Leboyer method emphasizes gentle birthing practices. These choices do not specifically address the fear-tension-pain cycle with the same breathing techniques as the Dick-Read method.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because a birth plan allows parents to actively participate in planning their birth experience by outlining their preferences and wishes. It helps them communicate their desires to healthcare providers and ensures their preferences are considered during labor and delivery. Choice A is incorrect as avoiding an episiotomy is a specific medical procedure, not the primary purpose of a birth plan. Choice B is incorrect as determining the outcome of birth is not within the control of parents. Choice C is incorrect as assuming complete control of the situation may not be realistic or safe during childbirth.