Describe public health in terms of current frameworks, community partnerships, and the concept of population health.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer, A, is supported by the concept of population health, which focuses on health outcomes of a group of individuals, including the impact of age demographics on disease prevalence. As the population ages, the percentage of individuals over 65 increases, leading to a higher prevalence of chronic diseases due to age-related factors. This aligns with the framework of public health, which emphasizes preventive measures and interventions to improve the health of the entire population. Choice B is incorrect because it does not directly address the relationship between population demographics and health outcomes. Choice C is incorrect as it focuses on developmental stages related to aging rather than the broader impact of age demographics on disease prevalence. Choice D is incorrect because it only mentions the cost of medications and does not consider the broader implications of population health and chronic disease prevalence.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because providing nicotine gum directly addresses the individual's addiction to nicotine, which is a key factor in smoking cessation at the individual level. This method helps the individual manage cravings and withdrawal symptoms. A: Forming a support group is more of a community-level approach rather than individual-level. B: Increasing taxes is a population-level strategy to reduce tobacco use, not an individual-level intervention. D: Researching initiation reasons is valuable for prevention efforts but does not directly address cessation at the individual level.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, conducting health education workshops. This action promotes population health by educating and empowering individuals to make informed decisions about their health, leading to prevention of diseases and promotion of overall well-being. Health education workshops have a broader reach compared to individual consultations and focus on prevention rather than treatment like options A and D. Providing treatment for chronic diseases (A) and administering medication for acute illnesses (D) are reactive approaches that do not address the root causes or prevent future health issues at a population level.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because population-based nursing practice focuses on promoting wellness and preventing disease through proactive approaches. This involves addressing the health needs of entire populations rather than individuals. Emphasizing curative care (B) is not a characteristic of population-based nursing. Focusing on reactive approaches (C) and providing care only outside hospital settings (D) are also not in line with the preventative and wellness-promoting nature of population-based nursing practice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Report the case to the local public health department. This action is necessary to ensure proper disease surveillance, contact tracing, and implementation of public health measures to prevent further spread of hepatitis A in the community. The local public health department is responsible for monitoring and controlling infectious diseases at the community level, making it crucial for the nurse to report the case to them. Other choices are incorrect because: A: Notifying the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is not the immediate action required at the local level. C: Informing the National Institutes of Health is not necessary for immediate public health response. D: Reporting the case to the primary care provider is important for patient care but does not address the public health implications of the diagnosis.