Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which is present in every human being, has which of the following as its main purpose?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: DNA's main purpose is transmitting genetic material , per options C6-C9, passing genes to offspring via gametes. Transcription and translation are steps in protein synthesis, division control a subset. Anatomically, DNA in the nucleus encodes heredity e.g., eye color inheritance making C its primary role.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Physiology investigates the dynamic operations within the body, such as how muscles contract or lungs exchange gases. This focus on function distinguishes it from structural studies or unrelated fields like botany, illuminating the mechanisms driving life. By understanding processes like blood flow or nerve signaling, physiologists uncover how systems collaborate to sustain vitality. This knowledge is vital for healthcare, enabling interventions that support or correct these activities, ensuring the body thrives amidst internal and external challenges.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Homeostasis is the body's mechanism for keeping internal conditions like temperature or pH stable despite external changes. This self-regulating process, driven by feedback systems, ensures cells function optimally, supporting life. Distinct from growth or digestion, it's a dynamic equilibrium critical for health. Nurses monitor homeostasis to detect disruptions, such as fever, intervening to restore balance and prevent systemic failure, highlighting its role as a cornerstone of physiological well-being.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Superficial refers to structures near the body's surface, such as skin layers, as opposed to deeper tissues. This distinction is key in medicine, guiding assessments like superficial burns versus internal injuries. It ensures practitioners address conditions accurately, tailoring interventions to the depth of involvement, enhancing care precision.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Connective tissue, including bone and cartilage, underpins the body's structure, offering support and protection. Distinct from epithelial coverings or muscle movement, it binds and cushions organs, maintaining integrity. In healthcare, its role is critical broken bones or torn ligaments highlight its importance guiding treatments to restore the body's foundational stability.