ATI RN
Chapter 14 Nutrition and Fluid Balance Workbook Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
Dehydration may cause some ions to become concentrated. If a person was suffering from severe hyperkalemia, you would expect
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Severe hyperkalemia disrupts membrane potentials, causing abnormal cardiac rhythms.
Question 2 of 5
A solution that has a similar osmolality of plasma that will cause no cell damage is called?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An isotonic solution has a similar osmolality to plasma, meaning it has the same concentration of solutes as the fluid inside the cells in our body. This balance prevents water from moving in or out of the cells, which would cause damage. Therefore, an isotonic solution will not cause any cell damage. Hypotonic solutions have a lower osmolality, causing water to move into the cells and potentially causing them to burst. Hypertonic solutions have a higher osmolality, causing water to move out of the cells and potentially causing them to shrink. Normal saline is a specific type of isotonic solution that contains $0.9% sodium chloride.
Question 3 of 5
Serum Na is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Serum Na, or serum sodium, is regulated by both blood pressure (BP) and kidney perfusion, which play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of sodium in the body. Additionally, serum sodium levels are regulated by hormones such as aldosterone and ADH, which help control reabsorption and excretion. Serum Na also reflects blood osmolality, a measure of solute concentration in the blood. The option 'Not affected by K pumps' is incorrect as potassium-sodium pumps influence sodium levels, but the first three statements are true.
Question 4 of 5
Approximately what percentage of the body's calcium is stored in the bones?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Approximately $99% of the body's calcium is stored in the bones. Calcium is an essential mineral for bone health and plays a crucial role in maintaining their strength and structure. It is constantly being deposited and withdrawn from the bones in a process called bone remodeling, balancing blood calcium levels.
Question 5 of 5
Chvostek sign is understood by the nurse when the nurse states:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chvostek sign is a clinical sign that involves the facial nerve (cranial nerve VII). It is demonstrated by tapping on the facial nerve, usually at the angle of the jaw. A positive Chvostek sign is indicated by the twitching of the facial muscles, particularly the muscles around the mouth and eye, often seen in hypocalcemia.