ATI RN
Hematological System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Decrease iron &decrease iron binding capacity are seen in:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: chronic infection. In chronic infection, the body's iron stores are depleted, leading to a decrease in serum iron levels and iron binding capacity. This occurs due to inflammation-induced hepcidin release, which inhibits iron absorption and recycling. Recurrent GIT bleeding (choice A) would lead to iron loss, resulting in decreased iron but increased iron binding capacity due to compensatory mechanisms. Intestinal resection (choice B) can also cause iron deficiency anemia but would not lead to decreased iron binding capacity. Menorrhagia (choice D) would result in iron loss but again would not lead to decreased iron binding capacity.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is planning the care of a patient who has been admitted to the medical unit with a diagnosis of multiple myeloma. In the patient's care plan, the nurse has identified a diagnosis of Risk for Injury. What pathophysiologic effect of multiple myeloma most contributes to this risk?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Decreased bone density. Multiple myeloma is a cancer of plasma cells in bone marrow that can lead to bone destruction and decreased bone density, increasing the risk of fractures and falls. Labyrinthitis (A) is an inner ear disorder unrelated to multiple myeloma. Left ventricular hypertrophy (B) is a cardiac condition not directly associated with the pathophysiology of multiple myeloma. Hypercoagulation (D) is not a primary risk factor for injury in multiple myeloma compared to decreased bone density.
Question 3 of 5
A patient diagnosed with acute myelogenous leukemia has just been admitted to the oncology unit. When writing this patient's care plan, what potential complication should the nurse address?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hemorrhage. In acute myelogenous leukemia, the bone marrow produces abnormal, immature white blood cells, leading to a decrease in platelets and clotting factors, increasing the risk of hemorrhage. This complication is a priority due to the potential life-threatening consequences. Pancreatitis (A) is not directly associated with leukemia. Arteritis (C) is inflammation of arteries, not a common complication of leukemia. Liver dysfunction (D) may occur in leukemia but is not as immediate and critical as hemorrhage.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse practitioner is assessing a patient who has a fever, malaise, and a white blood cell count that is elevated. Which of the following principles should guide the nurse's management of the patient's care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Infection is the most likely cause of the patient's change in health status. Rationale: 1. Fever, malaise, and elevated white blood cell count are classic signs of infection. 2. Infections are common causes of elevated white blood cell count. 3. Other choices (A, C, D) focus on specific conditions (lymphoma, leukemia, multiple myeloma) that are less likely in this scenario. 4. It is important to consider the most common and likely cause first, which is infection in this case.
Question 5 of 5
A patient has been found to have an indolent neoplasm. The nurse should recognize what implication of this condition?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because an indolent neoplasm typically grows slowly and is less likely to metastasize quickly, reducing the risk of malignancy. Choice B and C are incorrect as they refer to specific types of leukemia, not necessarily related to indolent neoplasms. Choice D is incorrect as hemophilia is a genetic disorder unrelated to neoplasms. In summary, the key implication of an indolent neoplasm is a lower risk of malignancy compared to aggressive neoplasms.