ATI RN
Questions Neurological System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Damage to the hippocampus is most likely to impair:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The hippocampus is a brain structure critical for forming and retrieving memories, particularly long-term memories. Damage to the hippocampus, such as from injury or disease, can result in severe memory impairments, including the inability to form new memories (anterograde amnesia) or recall past events (retrograde amnesia). The hippocampus also plays a role in spatial navigation and contextual learning, making it essential for cognitive function.
Question 2 of 5
Executive Functions: involve problem-solving, planning, initiative, organising, and they monitor and inhibit complex behaviours. These functions are normally associated with which area of the brain?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The prefrontal cortex, located in the frontal lobe of the brain, is primarily responsible for executive functions such as problem-solving, planning, decision-making, and self-regulation. This brain region plays a critical role in coordinating complex cognitive processes and inhibiting inappropriate behaviors. Damage to the prefrontal cortex can result in significant impairments in executive functioning, leading to difficulties in managing daily tasks and adapting to new situations.
Question 3 of 5
One way of dealing with memory impairments is to train patients in ways to help store and retrieve items and events to be remembered. One such technique is the use of:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Visual imagery mnemonics is a memory enhancement technique that involves creating vivid mental images to aid in the storage and retrieval of information. By associating new information with familiar visual cues, individuals can improve their ability to remember details and events. This technique is particularly useful for individuals with memory impairments, as it leverages the brain's natural ability to process and recall visual information more effectively than abstract concepts.
Question 4 of 5
Axoplasm is the ________ .
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Axoplasm is the cytoplasm of the axon, the long, slender projection of a neuron that transmits nerve impulses. It contains organelles, cytoskeletal elements, and other components necessary for maintaining the axon's structure and function. Axoplasm plays a crucial role in the transport of molecules and organelles between the cell body and the axon terminals, ensuring the proper functioning of the neuron.
Question 5 of 5
Acetylcholine and norepinephrine act because of their affect on receptors at the ________ membrane.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acetylcholine and norepinephrine exert their effects by binding to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane of neurons. When these neurotransmitters bind to their receptors, they trigger changes in the postsynaptic neuron's membrane potential, either exciting or inhibiting the neuron. This interaction is essential for transmitting signals across synapses and enabling communication within the nervous system.