ATI RN
Cardiovascular Inflammation Drug Questions
Question 1 of 5
Daily administration of large doses (several milligrammes) of iodides to a thyrotoxic patient causes:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Daily administration of large doses of iodides causes involution of the thyroid gland. Iodides inhibit thyroid hormone synthesis, leading to a decrease in thyroid size. This effect peaks in about two weeks. Choice B is incorrect as iodides actually decrease vascularity of the thyroid gland. Choice C is incorrect because iodides increase the storage of colloid in the thyroid gland. Choice D is incorrect as iodides make the thyroid gland softer and more vascular, not firm and less vascular.
Question 2 of 5
H1 histamine receptor subtype is distributed in:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because H1 histamine receptors are primarily found in smooth muscle, endothelium, and the brain. Smooth muscle and endothelium are major sites of action for H1 receptors, regulating functions like vasodilation and bronchoconstriction. The presence of H1 receptors in the brain also plays a role in neurotransmission. Choice B is incorrect because gastric mucosa, cardiac muscle, and mast cells are associated with H2 histamine receptors, not H1. Choice C is incorrect because presynaptic H3 receptors are found in the brain, whereas H1 receptors are primarily postsynaptic. Choice D is incorrect because not all locations listed in the other choices are where H1 receptors are predominantly found.
Question 3 of 5
Hypervitaminosis is any of various abnormal conditions in which the physiological effect of a vitamin is produced to a pathological degree by excessive intake of the vitamin. This consideration is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Define hypervitaminosis as excessive intake of a vitamin leading to pathological effects. Step 2: Given definition matches the statement, making it True. Step 3: Other choices do not align with the definition; 'False' is opposite, 'All' and 'None' are generalizations not specific to the context. In summary, choice A is correct as it accurately reflects the definition of hypervitaminosis, while the other choices are incorrect due to being unrelated or too general.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following enzymes has fibrinolytic activity?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Urokinase. Urokinase is an enzyme that plays a key role in the fibrinolytic system by converting plasminogen to plasmin, which degrades fibrin blood clots. Pepsin (A) is a digestive enzyme, L-asparaginase (C) is used in cancer treatment, and Lydaze (D) is not a known enzyme. Therefore, only urokinase (B) is directly involved in fibrinolysis, making it the correct choice.
Question 5 of 5
Flushing caused by this drug can be reduced by taking it after meals and/or by pretreatment with aspirin:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Nicotinic acid (niacin). Niacin commonly causes flushing as a side effect due to prostaglandin release. Taking it after meals can slow down absorption and reduce flushing. Pretreatment with aspirin also helps by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis. Lovastatin (A), Gemfibrozil (C), and Probucol (D) do not cause flushing as a side effect, so the strategies of taking after meals or pretreatment with aspirin would not be effective for reducing flushing caused by these drugs.