ATI RN
Pediatric Infectious Disease NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Cyanosis becomes evident clinically when the unsaturated hemoglobin is equal or more than
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cyanosis appears when deoxygenated hemoglobin ≥5 g/dL (C), per clinical thresholds.
Question 2 of 5
Oral rehydration is the treatment of choice for all children with gastroenteritis EXCEPT those with
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ileus and coma indicate severe illness requiring IV rehydration, not oral.
Question 3 of 5
A 4-year-old male is brought to your office because of a circular reddish rash under his armpit. The child has been afebrile and has had no other systemic symptoms. The rash is not pruritic. The child's parents state that they have recently returned from a vacation in Massachusetts on Cape Cod and that a small tick had been removed from the same area where the rash is now. The only abnormality on the examination is the circular, flat, erythematous rash that is about $6 \mathrm{~cm}$ in diameter and is not tender. The appropriate next step in treating this patient is to
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Erythema migrans after a tick bite in an endemic area (Cape Cod) indicates early Lyme disease; amoxicillin is appropriate for children.
Question 4 of 5
Because cerebral malaria can be fatal in as little as 24 hours, in any child having suggestive symptoms and/or history of recent tropical travel, what confirmatory procedure should immediately be invoked?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Blood smears provide rapid diagnosis of malaria, critical for timely treatment.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following diagnostic tests is LEAST useful in establishing a diagnosis of mesenteric adenitis due to Yersinia pseudotuberculosis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Endoscopy is less specific for diagnosing Yersinia mesenteric adenitis compared to cultures or imaging.