ATI RN
Quizlet Genitourinary System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Corticosteroids are absolutely contraindicated in which of the following types * of tuberculosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Meningeal tuberculosis. Corticosteroids are contraindicated in meningeal tuberculosis because they can suppress the immune response, leading to increased bacterial growth and dissemination in the central nervous system. For miliary, intestinal, and renal tuberculosis, corticosteroids can be beneficial in reducing inflammation and improving outcomes.
Question 2 of 5
This drug is a pyrophosphate analog which inhibit DNA polymerase and * reverse transcriptase, is used only to treat associated cytomegalovirus infection in AIDS patient.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Foscarnet. Foscarnet is a pyrophosphate analog that inhibits both DNA polymerase and reverse transcriptase, making it effective against cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections in AIDS patients. Acyclovir (A) and Valacyclovir (B) are antiviral drugs used for herpes infections, not CMV. Amantadine (C) is an antiviral used for influenza, not CMV. Therefore, Foscarnet is the correct choice for treating CMV in AIDS patients.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following anthelmintic acts as a cholinergic agonist in the * nematodes and causes spastic paralysis of the worms?:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Piperazine is the correct answer as it acts as a cholinergic agonist in nematodes, causing spastic paralysis by mimicking acetylcholine. 2. Pyrantel pamoate works by depolarizing neuromuscular junctions, not through cholinergic agonism. 3. Mebendazole and Albendazole inhibit microtubule synthesis in worms, leading to impaired glucose uptake, not cholinergic effects.
Question 4 of 5
Superinfections are more common with: *
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because using antibiotic combinations covering both gram positive and gram negative bacteria can disrupt the balance of normal flora in the body, leading to superinfections. This is due to the broad spectrum of activity of these antibiotics, which can kill off a wider range of bacteria, including the beneficial ones. Choice A is incorrect because narrow spectrum antibiotics target specific types of bacteria, reducing the likelihood of disrupting the normal flora and causing superinfections. Choice B is incorrect because longer courses of antibiotics increase the risk of superinfections as they continue to disrupt the normal flora over a longer period. Choice C is incorrect because antibiotics that are completely absorbed from the small intestines do not necessarily increase the risk of superinfections; it is more about the spectrum of activity and the impact on normal flora.
Question 5 of 5
Thiazide diuretics may produce an increase in blood levels of uric acid and: *
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Thiazide diuretics decrease urinary excretion of uric acid, leading to increased blood levels. Thiazides also increase potassium reabsorption, potentially causing hyperkalemia. However, the main effect on uric acid levels makes choice A correct. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as thiazides do not directly impact BUN, urea, or glucose levels.