Correct statements about alendronate include all of the following, EXCEPT:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because alendronate is a second-generation bisphosphonate, not a first-generation one. Alendronate is known to be more potent than EHDP and has a wider therapeutic window. Option A is incorrect as alendronate can cause irritation to the esophagus if not taken correctly. Option C is correct as alendronate reduces osteoclast activity without significantly affecting osteoblasts, making it useful in treating Paget's disease.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Carbapenems are broad-spectrum antibiotics that are effective against a wide range of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms due to their strong activity against various types of bacteria. Option A is incorrect because carbapenems are not limited to only Gram-positive microorganisms. Option B is incorrect as they are effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. Option C is incorrect as carbapenems are not exclusively for bacteroide infections. The correct answer, Option D, is supported by the fact that carbapenems have a broad spectrum of activity against a wide range of bacteria.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct choice is D: Ciprofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone derivative known for its broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. It inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, essential enzymes for DNA replication. This mechanism leads to bacterial cell death. Chloramphenicol (A) inhibits bacterial protein synthesis, Nitrofurantoin (B) disrupts bacterial cell wall synthesis, and Nalidixic acid (C) inhibits bacterial DNA synthesis. Therefore, only Ciprofloxacin (D) targets DNA replication through gyrase inhibition, making it the correct choice.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Acyclovir. Acyclovir is the drug of choice for herpes and cytomegalovirus infections due to its specific antiviral activity against these viruses. It works by inhibiting viral DNA replication. Saquinavir is a protease inhibitor used for HIV, not herpes or cytomegalovirus. Interferon alfa is used for viral infections like hepatitis B and C, not herpes or cytomegalovirus. Didanozine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used for HIV, not herpes or cytomegalovirus. Therefore, Acyclovir is the correct choice for these infections.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Propranolol. Abrupt withdrawal of beta-blockers like propranolol can lead to rebound hypertension and potentially trigger a myocardial infarction (MI) due to sudden increase in heart rate and blood pressure. Aspirin, Lovastatin, and Captopril do not typically cause rebound effects that would lead to a sudden MI upon withdrawal.